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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.41.2015.tde-23092015-075336
Document
Author
Full name
Luis Nicanor Pezo Lanfranco
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2015
Supervisor
Committee
Eggers, Sabine (President)
Boyadjian, Célia Helena Cezar
Okumura, Maria Mercedes Martinez
Gloria, Pedro José Tótora da
Oliveira, Rodrigo Elias de
Title in Portuguese
Intensificação agrícola e complexificação social: uma perspectiva bioantropológica de populações pré-históricas do litoral dos Andes Centrais
Keywords in Portuguese
Civilização andina
Isótopos Estáveis
Marcadores de estresse nutricionais
Patologia oral
Período de formação
Abstract in Portuguese
Esta pesquisa aborda, a partir de uma perspectiva bioarqueológica comparativa, a problemática das mudanças nos padrões de subsistência associados à intensificação da agricultura e suas implicações no processo de complexificação social na costa dos Andes Centrais. Para tanto, se examinaram indicadores de patologia oral, estresse nutricional e isótopos estáveis, e outros dados paleodietéticos e arqueológicos de 09 populações pré-históricas da costa dos Andes Centrais datadas para o período Formativo (~3000-1 a.C.). Os resultados mostram que as dietas a predomínio de carboidratos são muito antigas na região, inclusive nos sítios litorâneos e que o processo de complexificação ocorreu em presença da agricultura como base econômica. As formações teocráticas do 3ro e 2do milênios a.C. floresceram baseadas na agricultura de tubérculos, leguminosas, árvores frutíferas e milho em menor quantidade (abaixo de 20%), apelando a técnicas agrícolas adaptadas às características de aridez dos vales da bacia do Pacífico. Uma drástica mudança na dieta costeira andina ocorreu entre 500-1 a.C., quando o milho passa ser o principal produto de subsistência ao nível regional em concomitância com o aparecimento de governos seculares.
Title in English
Intensification of agriculture and social complexity: a bioanthropological perspective of prehistoric populations from coastal Central Andes
Keywords in English
Andean civilization
Formative period
Nutrittional stress markers
Oral pathology
Stable isotopes
Abstract in English
From a comparative bioarchaeological perspective this research addresses the issue of changes in subsistence patterns associated with the intensification of agriculture on the coast of the Central Andes and their implications to the social complexity process. Markers of oral pathology and nutritional stress were examined, along with stable isotopes, and other paleodietetic and archaeological data of 09 prehistoric coastal populations dated to the Formative period (~3000-1 BC). The results show that the predominance of rich carbohydrate diets is very old in the region, also on shoreline settlements, and the process of complexity was based in agriculture as an economic basis. The theocratic societies of 3rd and 2nd millennium BC flourished based on agriculture of tubers, legumes, fruit trees and corn in smaller quantities (below 20%), using farming techniques highly adapted to the aridity of the Pacific basin valleys. A drastic change in the Andean coastal diet occurred between 500-1 BC, when the corn became the main regional staple concomitant to the appearance of secular governments
 
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Publishing Date
2015-10-01
 
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