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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.3.1997.tde-26122008-112709
Document
Author
Full name
Ricardo Gaspar
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 1997
Supervisor
Committee
Fusco, Péricles Brasiliense (President)
El Debs, Mounir Khalil
França, Ricardo Leopoldo e Silva
Title in Portuguese
Análise da segurança estrutural das lajes pré-fabricadas na fase de construção.
Keywords in Portuguese
Estruturas (segurança)
Lajes pré-fabricadas
Vigas (ensaios estáticos)
Vigas pré-fabricadas
Abstract in Portuguese
Entre as peças fundamentais que compõem as estruturas de concreto armado encontram-se as lajes, as quais vêm sendo objeto de contínuo aperfeiçoamento no que diz respeito ao conforto, à segurança e à economia. O desenvolvimento de técnicas construtivas econômicas propiciou o aparecimento das lajes pré-fabricadas, com vantagens em relação às lajes maciças, como: redução do consumo de madeira para as fôrmas, redução do consumo de concreto, com a conseqüente diminuição dos esforços nas peças estruturais, e nas fundações. Tudo isto redundando evidentemente em menor tempo de execução e maior economia no custo da construção. Procurou-se neste trabalho reunir informações que possibilitem uma visão global sobre o tema, abordando-se, para isso, aspectos históricos das lajes pré-fabricadas, descrição dos elementos que as compõem, estudo do processo construtivo, dimensionamento, ensaios de laboratório em vigas com armaduras treliçadas e, finalmente, a análise da segurança destas lajes na fase de construção. Esta pesquisa mostrou que a qualidade e o desempenho estrutural destas lajes depende, em grande parte, dos cuidados tomados durante a fase construtiva, especialmente no que diz respeito ao escoramento. Assim, consegue-se evitar acidentes em obras ocasionados por erros cometidos nessa etapa.
Title in English
Structural safety analysis of prefabricated slabs in the construction phase.
Keywords in English
Beams (statics tests)
Prefabricated beams
Prefabricated slabs
Structures (safety)
Abstract in English
Among the fundamental elements of reinforced concrete structures, slabs have been the object of continuous improvement regarding of comfort, safety and economy. The development of economical construction techniques has permitted the forecoming of precast slabs, with advantages over massive slabs, such as: reducing the consumption of formwork, concrete, and consequently a reduction of the stress on the structural elements and foundations. All these, obviously, result in quicker execution and greater economy in construction costs. This study has attempted to gather the necessary information to provide a global view of this subject; approaching historical aspects of precast slabs, a description of its elements and construction process, dimensioning, laboratory experiments upon truss-framed reinforced beams, and finally, an analysis of security in the construction phase. It was concluded that the quality and structural performance of these slabs depend greatly on the care taken during the construction phase, particulary in respect to bracing. Thus, accidents caused by errors comitted at this stage are avoided.
 
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Publishing Date
2009-01-09
 
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