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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.3.2014.tde-30122014-110751
Document
Author
Full name
Stelvio Henrique Ignacio Barboza
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2014
Supervisor
Committee
Kofuji, Sergio Takeo (President)
Minami, Mário
Van Noije, Wilhelmus Adrianus Maria
Title in Portuguese
Tomógrafo em nível de simulação utilizando micro-ondas em banda ultra larga (UWB) com transmissor em tecnologia CMOS para detecção precoce de câncer de mama.
Keywords in Portuguese
Detector de imagens
Micro-ondas
Microeletrônica
Tomógrafo
Abstract in Portuguese
O sistema desenvolvido obteve boa resposta na detecção de modelos numéricos de tumores com dimensões a partir de 5mm, representada na localização adequada e determinação do tamanho obtidos por meio de simulações envolvendo os modelos dos blocos especificados. Como objetivo principal do trabalho será apresentado o projeto, fabricação e resultados de testes de um circuito integrado gerador de pulsos com o formato da derivada de quinta ordem do pulso de gaussiano (transmissor UWB) fabricado utilizando a tecnologia IBM 0.18 CMOS. Os blocos principais que formam o circuito gerador de pulso são: circuito gerador de onda quadrada, gerador de atrasos, detector de fase e etapa de saída (formador de pulso). O gerador de onda quadrada foi implementado a partir de um buffer de RF com um inversor na saída com casamento de impedância. O gerador de atrasos foi implementado a partir de uma cascata de inversores. O circuito detector de fase é composto por bloco n- dinâmico , n-latch e inversor estático para forma pulsos em alta velocidade. As dimensões dos transistores foram definidas de modo a obter característica adequada de um pulso Gaussiano de 5ª ordem, considerando especificações exigidas de Sistema de Detecção de Câncer de Mama. Foi implementado o leiaute em full Custom com dimensões mínimas da tecnologia. Cinco chips diferentes foram testados. E os valores da fonte de alimentação foram variadas em 1,62V, 1,80V e 1.98, então foram medidos os valores de saída pico a pico e largura de pulso para cada chip. O consumo de energia medido foi de 244 uW, e a amplitude do pulso de saída 115,2 mV pico a pico e largura de pulso de 407,8 ps com um sinal de entrada senoidal de amplitude 806mVp à 100 MHz . O pulso gerado pelo gerador de pulso resultou em uma PSD (Power Spectral Density) com largura de banda de 0,6 GHz a 7,8 GHz, que é adequado para aplicações de UWB para detecção do câncer de mama.
Title in English
Tomograph in simulation level using microwave in ultra wide band with transmitter in CMOS technology for early breast cancer detection.
Keywords in English
CT scanner
Detector images
Microelectronics
Microwave
Abstract in English
As a result for detecting the numeric representation, the system could identify tumors from 5mm of extent with adequate localization, as well size determination. The primary goal of this work, therefore, is to bring out the project, manufacturing process and achieved results of tests regarding an integrated circuit for generating pulses which are shaped as the derivative of fifth order of the Gaussian pulse (UWMB transmitter) using the UWB 0.18 CMOS. The pulse generator circuit is composed by: circuit for generating square waves, delay generator, phase detector and output stage. The generator of square wave was implemented from one buffer of rf, with an inverter in the output and impedance matching. The delay generator was implemented from one cascade of inverters. The circuit for detecting the stages is assembled with n block dynamic, n-latch and static inverter for quickly generating pulses (high speed pulse generation). The dimensions of the transistors were defined in order to obtain the adequate characteristics of one Gaussian pulse of 5th order, considering the required specification of the Detection System for Cancer of Breast. It was implemented using the full Custom layout, taking into account the minimum dimensions for such technology. Five different chips were tested. The values of the source energy varied among 1,62V, 1,80V and 1,98V, being later measured the output values, peak to peak, as well the pulse width for each chip. The measured energy consumption was 244 uW, the amplitude of the output pulse was 115.2 mV peak to peak, and the pulse width was 407,8ps with sinusoidal input signal of 806mVp amplitude at 100MHz. As a result, it was obtained a PSD (Power Spectral Density) with band width of 0,6GHz to 7,8GHz from the pulse generator, which is quite adequate for UWB applications for detecting the breast cancer.
 
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Publishing Date
2015-01-07
 
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