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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.3.2013.tde-02102013-150228
Document
Author
Full name
Leonardo Abdala Elias
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2013
Supervisor
Committee
Kohn, André Fabio (President)
Forner Cordero, Arturo
Duarte, Marcos
Menegaldo, Luciano Luporini
Mezzarane, Rinaldo André
Title in Portuguese
Modelagem e simulação do sistema neuromuscular responsável pelo controle do torque gerado na articulação do tornozelo.
Keywords in Portuguese
Biomecânica
Controle motor
Medula espinhal
Neurociência computacional
Neurofisiologia
Sistema neuromuscular
Abstract in Portuguese
O estudo do controle neurofisiológico do movimento tem sido realizado sob várias perspectivas. Experimentos com seres humanos são realizados durante a execução de uma dada tarefa motora e, frequentemente, mediante a aplicação de estímulos externos (elétrico, magnético ou mecânico) ao sistema neuromuscular. Estes experimentos fornecem uma grande quantidade de dados referentes ao funcionamento das redes neuronais e dos atuadores biomecânicos envolvidos nos procedimentos. Entretanto, alguns achados experimentais permanecem incompreensíveis, requerendo a utilização de outros recursos para elucidar quais mecanismos estão por trás dos resultados. Neste sentido, a modelagem matemática e a simulação computacional servem como parte importante destas ferramentas que são imprescindíveis para uma melhor compreensão dos mecanismos neurofisiológicos e biomecânicos por trás do controle do movimento. A presente tese de doutorado teve como objetivo prover um modelo neuromusculoesquelético biologicamente plausível capaz de investigar diferentes mecanismos responsáveis pelo controle do torque gerado na articulação do tornozelo. Este modelo teve como base um modelo neuromuscular previamente proposto, porém, que não incorporava uma série de elementos fundamentais para um estudo mais amplo do sistema motor. O novo modelo proposto contempla modelos de motoneurônios com dendritos ativos, proprioceptores musculares responsáveis pelas vias reflexas de curta e média latência, modelos que representam as características viscoelásticas dos músculos e um modelo biomecânico do ser humano durante a postura ereta quieta. O modelo foi aplicado a diferentes problemas relacionados ao funcionamento do sistema neuromusculoesquelético, que são tipicamente explorados por experimentos com seres humanos, e forneceu bases teóricas importantes para estes achados.
Title in English
Modeling and simulation of the neuromuscular system involved in the control of the ankle joint torque.
Keywords in English
Biomechanics
Computational neuroscience
Motor control
Neuromuscular system
Neurophysiology
Spinal cord
Abstract in English
The neurophysiological control of movement has been studied from several standpoints. Human experiments are performed during the execution of a given motor task and, frequently, by applying an external stimulation (electrical, magnetic, or mechanical) to the neuromuscular system. These experiments provide a large amount of data concerning the functioning of the neuronal networks and biomechanical actuators involved in the procedures. Nonetheless, some experimental findings remain puzzling, so that other available resources should be used to clarify what mechanisms are behind these results. In this vein, the mathematical modeling and computer simulations are invaluable tools that may be used to better understand the neurophysiological and biomechanical mechanisms underlying the motor control. The present PhD thesis aimed at providing a biologically plausible neuromusculoskeletal model that was used to study different mechanisms involved in the control of the ankle joint torque. This model was based on a previous neuromuscular model, which did not employ several elements that are fundamental to a comprehensive evaluation of the motor system. The novel proposed model encompasses motor neuron models with active dendrites, muscle proprioceptors responsible for the short- and medium-latency reflex pathways, muscle models with the main viscoelastic features, and a biomechanical model of the human body during upright stance. It was applied to a series of problems frequently related to the functioning of the neuromusculoskeletal system and its main outcomes provided important theoretical bases for a set of experimental findings.
 
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TeseDoutoradoLAE.pdf (24.98 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2014-07-02
 
WARNING: The material described below relates to works resulting from this thesis or dissertation. The contents of these works are the author's responsibility.
  • ELIAS, LEONARDO ABDALA, and Kohn, André Fabio. Web-based neuromuscular simulator applied to the teaching of principles of neuroscience [doi:10.4322/rbeb.2013.026]. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Biomédica [online], 2013, vol. 29, p. aop-aop.
  • WATANABE, R. N., et al. Influences of pre-motoneuronal command statistics on the scaling of motor output variability during isometric plantarflexion. Journal of Neurophysiology, 2013.
  • Chaud, V.M., et al. A simulation study of the effects of activation-dependent muscle stiffness on proprioceptive feedback and short-latency reflex. In IEEE BioRobotics, Roma, 2012. CD Annals of BioRob.NY : IEEE, 2012.
  • Elias, L.A., et al. A web-based neuromuscular simulator applied to the teaching of the basics of neuroscience. In Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, New Orleans, 2012. CD Annals.Washington : Society for Neuroscience, 2012. Abstract.
  • Elias, L.A., et al. Application of a web-based simulator to a study of neuromuscular training in humans. In 2011 Biomedical Engineering Society Annual Meeting, Hartford, 2011. Annals of the 2011 Biomedical Engineering Society Annual Meeting. : BMES, 2011. Abstract.
  • Elias, L.A., et al. Geração de reflexos medulares por meio de um modelo multi-escala do sistema neuromuscular. In Congresso Brasileiro de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto de Galinhas, 2012. Anais do XXIII CBEB., 2012.
  • Elias, L.A., et al. H and T reflexes evaluated by a biologically-realistic neuromuscular model. In Society for Neuroscience annual meeting, New Orleans, 2012. Annals of the http://www.sfn.org/am2012/., 2012. Abstract. Available from: http://www.sfn.org/am2012/.
  • MEZZARANE, R. A., et al. Responsiveness of H- and T-reflexes of soleus muscle to presynaptic inhibition induced by a low frequency train of stimuli. In Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, New Orleasns, 2012. CD Annals of the SfN Meeting.Washington : Society for Neuroscience, 2012. Abstract.
  • WATANABE, R. N., et al. Influences of motoneuron pool common drive statistics on plantar flexion torque variability. In Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, New Orleans, 2012. CD Annals.Washington : Society for Neuroscience, 2012. Abstract.
  • WATANABE, R. N., et al. Influência dos processos de entrada dos motoneurônios na variabilidade do torque da flexão plantar. In Congresso Brasileiro de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto de Galinhas, 2012. Anais do XXIII CBEB., 2012.
  • MEZZARANE, R. A., et al. Experimental and Simulated EMG Responses in the Study of the Human Spinal Cord. In Hande Turker. Electromyography [online]. Organizador. Rijeka : InTech Open Access Publisher, 2013{Volume}. chap. 1, p. 1-32.http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3142/tde-02102013-150228/
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