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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.3.2014.tde-26122014-171209
Document
Author
Full name
André Alexandrino Lotto
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2014
Supervisor
Committee
Mourão, Marcelo Breda (President)
Ferreira Neto, João Batista
Takano, Cyro
Title in Portuguese
Remoção de fósforo de silício por fusão a vácuo.
Keywords in Portuguese
Forno de indução a vácuo
Fósforo
Purificação de silício
Refino a vácuo
Abstract in Portuguese
A demanda por energia fotovoltaica vem aumentando a razão de mais de 20% ao ano no mercado internacional nos últimos dez anos. O silício com pureza entre 99,999% e 99,99999% é utilizado na fabricação de células fotovoltaicas. O silício metalúrgico tem pureza entre 98,5% e 99%. Este estudo visa investigar o refino a vácuo como um processo alternativo de menor custo para se obter o silício para células fotovoltaicas. Este processo pode remover o fósforo do silício, que é um dos elementos prejudiciais à célula fotovoltaica. Isso permitiria agregar valor à produção brasileira de silício metalúrgico, que alcança um preço de aproximadamente US$2,5 por quilo, enquanto o silício para células fotovoltaicas varia entre US$20 e 60 por quilo. Foram realizados experimentos de fusão em forno de indução a vácuo, variando parâmetros como temperatura, tempo e pressão. O teor de fósforo caiu de 33 ppm para cerca de 0,1 ppm e os resultados foram comparados com um modelo matemático da literatura. Conclui-se que o refino por este processo é tecnicamente viável.
Title in English
Phosphorus removal from silicon by vacuum melting.
Keywords in English
Phosphorus
Silicon purification
Silicon refining
Vacuum induction melting
Abstract in English
The demand for photovoltaics is increasing at a ratio over 20 % per year in the international market in the last ten years. Silicon with purity of 99.999 % and 99.99999 % is used in the manufacture of photovoltaic cells. The purity of metallurgical silicon is between 98.5% and 99%. This study aims to investigate the vacuum refining process as a lower cost alternative to obtain silicon for photovoltaic cells. This process can remove phosphorus from silicon, which is a harmful element to the photovoltaic cell. This would add value to Brazilian production of metallurgical silicon, that reaches a price of approximately U.S.$ 2.5 per kilogram, while the silicon for photovoltaic cells varies between U.S.$ 20 and 60 per kilo . Melting experiments were performed in a vacuum induction furnace by varying such parameters as temperature, time and pressure. The phosphorus content dropped from 33 ppm to about 0.1 ppm and the results were compared with a mathematical model from literature. It is concluded that refining of this process is technically feasible.
 
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Publishing Date
2015-01-13
 
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