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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.23.2019.tde-26032019-101731
Document
Author
Full name
Marina Maués Tuma
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2018
Supervisor
Committee
Gallottini, Marina Helena Cury (President)
Ortega, Adriana de Oliveira Lira
Bonecker, Marcelo Jose Strazzeri
Fernandes, Karin Sá
Title in Portuguese
Alterações bucais em crianças e adolescentes transplantados renais
Keywords in Portuguese
Adolescente
Criança
Insuficiência renal crônica
Manifestações Bucais
Transplante de rim
Abstract in Portuguese
Crianças e adolescentes transplantados renais (TR) necessitarão de cuidado odontológico rotineiro ou exibirão alterações bucais relacionadas tanto com algumas das doenças de base, como relacionadas com o transplante e tratamento imunossupressor. O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer a saúde bucal e identificar as alterações bucais de crianças e adolescentes TR, buscando possíveis relações com a doença de base que levou ao TR, o tempo de transplante e com o esquema imunossupressor adotado. Foi realizada anamnese e exame clínico para avaliar a experiência de cárie (índice CPOD/ceo-d), defeitos de esmalte (índice DDE modificado), condição periodontal (índice IPC modificado) e presença de alterações em tecidos moles. Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal realizado no período de agosto de 2017 a junho de 2018 em receptores de TR entre 2 a 17 anos de idade acompanhadas no Hospital do Rim em São Paulo, Brasil. Foram incluídos 120 participantes, dos quais 63 (52,5%) eram do sexo masculino e com média de idade de 12,78 ± 3,9 anos. As causas mais comuns de falência renal foram de causa desconhecida 28 (23,3%) e válvula de uretra posterior (VUP) 14 (11,7%). Sangramento gengival foi observado em 115 (95,8%) participantes, cálculo dentário em 69 (57,5%), experiência de cárie em 51 (42,5%), defeitos de esmalte em 49 (40,8%), hiperplasia gengival medicamentosa (HGM) em 20 (16,7%), xerostomia em 15 (12,5%) e lesões de tecidos moles em 5 (4,2%), dentre elas úlceras, língua geográfica e verruga bucal. A maioria dos participantes da pesquisa (55%) necessitava de algum tratamento odontológico. O uso de amlodipina e anticonvulsivantes esteve associado à presença de HGM, enquanto que o tratamento com o imunossupressor everolimus esteve associado à presença de ulceração (p<0,05). Concluímos que a doença periodontal e a doença cárie foram as mais frequentes, levando a significativa necessidade de tratamento odontológico na população estudada. Grande parte das alterações bucais observadas foram relacionadas à doença de base (insuficiência renal), em especial os defeitos de esmalte. As infecções oportunistas bucais foram raras e o tratamento medicamentoso esteve associado à presença de ulceração (uso de everolimus) e à presença de HGM (uso de amlodipina e de anticonvulsivantes).
Title in English
Oral Changes in renal transplanted children and adolescents
Keywords in English
Adolescent
Child
Chronic renal failure
Kidney transplantation
Oral Manifestations
Abstract in English
Renal transplanted children and adolescents need dental care on a routine basis as there are oral changes related to some underlying diseases as well as to the transplantation itself and immunosuppressive therapy. The objective of the present study is to know and identify the oral health of these patients in order to seek possible relationships with the underlying disease which led to kidney transplantation, transplantation time and adopted immunosuppressive approach. Anamnesis and clinical examination were conducted to evaluate the presence of caries lesions (DMFT/dmf-t indexes), enamel defects (modified DDE index), periodontal condition (modified IPC index) and presence of soft tissue changes. This is an observational, cross-sectional study performed between August 2017 and June 2018 in which renal transplant recipients aged 2-17 years old were followed up at the São Paulo Hospital of Kidney in Brazil. A total of 120 participants were included, with 63 (52.5%) being males with mean age 12.78±3.9 years old. Unknown causes of renal failure involved the majority of the cases, that is, 28 (23.3%), whereas posterior urethral valve (PUV) involved 14 cases (11.7%). Gingival bleeding was observed in 115 (95.8%) participants, dental calculus in 69 (57.5%), caries experience in 51 (42.5%), enamel defects in 49 (40.8%), drug-related gingival hyperplasia (DRGH) in 20 (16.7%), xerostomia in 15 (12.5%) and soft tissue lesions in 5 (4.2%), such as ulcers, geographic tongue and oral wart lesions. The majority of the participants (55%) needed some dental treatment. The use of amlodipine and anticonvulsants has been associated with the presence of DRGH, whereas the immunosuppressant everolimus associated with ulceration (p < 0.05). We have concluded that periodontal disease and caries lesions were the most frequent oral conditions, leading to significant need for dental treatment in the population studied. Most of the oral changes observed were related to the underlying disease (i.e. renal failure), especially enamel defects. Oral opportunistic infections were rarely observed and drug treatment was associated with the presence of ulceration (use of everolimus) and DRGH (use of amlodipine and anticonvulsivants).
 
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Publishing Date
2019-05-23
 
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