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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.23.2009.tde-29092009-075642
Document
Author
Full name
Marco Antonio Trevizani Martins
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2009
Supervisor
Committee
Lascala, Cesar Angelo (President)
Curi, Marcos Martins
Damante, Jose Humberto
Pereira, Marlene Fenyo Soeiro de Matos
Rocha, André Caroli
Title in Portuguese
Estudo retrospectivo de osteonecrose dos maxilares associado ao uso dos bisfosfonatos em pacientes oncológicos: fatores de risco, aspectos clínicos, imagenológicos e terapêuticos
Keywords in Portuguese
Bisfosfonatos
Diagn´sotico-tratamento
Osteomielite
Osteonecrose
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os fatores de risco, aspectos clínicos, imagenológicos e terapêuticos da osteonecrose dos maxilares associada ao uso dos bisfosfontos (ONMAB), bem como compará-los com o estado atual da doença, na busca de parâmetros que favoreceram o reparo tecidual. Foram avaliados retrospectivamente 40 casos de ONMAB de pacientes oncológicos encaminhados para avaliação estomatológica. Os dados demográficos, clínicos, imagenológicos, laboratoriais, histopatológicos e terapêuticos foram analisados. Foi realizada análise descritiva dos dados e para associar o estado atual da osteonecrose com as demais variáveis foi utilizado o teste exato de Fisher. O nível de significância estabelecido foi de 5% (p0,05). A ONMAB se mostrou mais comum em mulheres, com idade média de 59 anos e associadas mais freqüentemente ao de câncer de mama, seguido de câncer de próstata e do mieloma múltiplo. O principal bisfosfonato utilizado foi o ácido zoledrônico com média de uso de 23,54 meses. A exodontia, o tratamento quimioterápico e com corticóides foram associados com mais da metade dos casos. O aspecto clínico principal foi a exposição óssea com sintomatologia dolorosa associados ou não à drenagem de secreção, principalmente em mandíbula. Modificações no trabeculado ósseo, erosão da cortical e osteoesclerose foram os principais achados de imagem. Dentre todos os tratamentos realizados, a associação de cirurgia com plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP) e laser de diodo foi a mais utilizada (52,5%) e que mostrou alto índice de sucesso clínico (62,96%). A evolução dos casos tratados mostrou que 67,5% apresentaram reparo tecidual e mesmo aqueles que mantiveram a exposição óssea não mostraram sintomatologia dolorosa. A classificação clínica e o tipo de tratamento empregado influenciaram de forma significante a resolução da ONMAB. Conclui-se que medidas de controle local de infeccção, antibioticoterapia e pequenos debridamentos ósseos devem ser adotadas nos quadros de ONMAB, porém em conjunto com a utilização de bioestimuladores teciduais como o PRP e laser de diodo que promovem de forma mais eficiente o reparo tecidual.
Title in English
A retrospective study of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws in cancer patients: risk factors, clinical, imaging and therapeutic aspects
Keywords in English
Bisphosphonates
Diagnosis- treatment
Osteomyelitis
Osteonecrosis
Abstract in English
The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors, clinical, radiological and treatment aspects of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws (BONJ) in cancer patients. Likewise, comparing the current state of the disease with the different variables in the search for parameters that favored the tissue repair. We evaluated retrospectively 40 cases of BONJ of cancer patients referred for stomatology evaluation. Demographic data, clinical, radiographic, laboratory, histopathological and treatment were analyzed. We performed descriptive analysis of data and to associate the current state of the osteonecrosis with the other variables we used Fisher's exact test. The level of significance established was 5% (p 0.05). The BONJ was more common in women, the mean age was 59 years and was more frequently associated to the breast cancer followed by prostate and multiple myeloma. Zoledronic acid was the main bisphosphonate used with average use of 23.54 months. The dental tooth, chemotherapy and corticosteroids history were associated with more than half of the cases. The clinical aspect was the main bone exposure associated with painful symptoms or drainage of secretions, especially in mandible. Structural alteration of trabecular bone, cortical bone erosion and osteosclerosis were the main radiological findings. Among all the treatments performed, the therapy combining bone resection, diode laser and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was the most used (52.5%) which showed high rate of clinical success (62.96%). The evolution of treated cases showed that 67.5% had tissue repair and only 32.5% maintained the bone exposure, but all without painful symptoms. The clinical classification and type of treatment used significantly influence the outcome of BONJ . It is concluded that measures of infection local control, antibiotics and small bone debridement should be adopted in the BONJ but with the use of tissue stimulation using PRP and diode laser helps to promote more effective tissue repair.
 
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Publishing Date
2009-12-19
 
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