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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.23.2010.tde-22052010-095623
Document
Author
Full name
Debora Soares Geraldo
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2010
Supervisor
Committee
Freitas, Patricia Moreira de (President)
Marques, Marcia Martins
Rodrigues, José Augusto
Title in Portuguese
Aderência bacteriana à superfície de esmalte dental irradiado por lasers com parâmetros para prevenção de cárie
Keywords in Portuguese
Aderência Bacteriana
Cárie Dentária
Esmalte dentário
Lasers
Prevenção & Controle
Testes de Dureza
Abstract in Portuguese
O desenvolvimento e aprimoramento de novas tecnologias para prevenção/controle da doença cárie têm ocorrido nos últimos anos, destacando-se a utilização dos lasers na Odontologia. Estudos revelam o potencial dos lasers de alta potência para o aumento da resistência ácida do esmalte dental. Porém, ainda se questiona se as possíveis alterações morfológicas na superfície do esmalte, resultante da interação dos lasers com o tecido mineralizado, podem promover o aumento da aderência bacteriana e, conseqüentemente, aumentar o risco de desenvolvimento de lesões de cárie. O objetivo deste estudo in vitro foi avaliar a aderência bacteriana à superfície de esmalte dental irradiado por diferentes lasers de alta potência com parâmetros para prevenção de cárie, correlacionando com a rugosidade superficial do substrato, além da avaliação da perda mineral do substrato dental. Sessenta amostras de esmalte dental humano (4 X 4 mm) foram distribuídas aleatoriamente em 6 grupos (n=10): G1 controle negativo (sem tratamento); G2 - controle positivo (flúor); G3 Laser de Er:YAG; G4 Laser de Er,Cr:YSGG; G5 Laser de Nd:YAG e G6 Laser de CO2. A avaliação da rugosidade superficial foi realizada através da técnica OCT, seguida do ensaio de aderência bacteriana que foi realizada utilizando-se o Streptococcus mutans como organismo do teste. A análise de perda mineral foi realizada pelo ensaio de microdureza Knoop. Os resultados foram avaliados pelo testes de ANOVA e Tukey (=5%). Concluiu-se que não houve correlação entre o tratamento de superfície e a adesão de Streptococcus mutans. As superfícies de esmalte tratadas com flúor ou laser de CO2 apresentaram os menores valores de rugosidade enquanto o laser de Er:YAG os maiores valores. O grupo flúor apresentou menor taxa de formação de biofilme, enquanto Controle e Er:YAG as maiores. Além do mais, verificou-se que todos os tratamentos de superfície mostraram-se efetivos, sendo os tratamentos com flúor fosfato acidulado e laser de CO2 os mais efetivos na prevenção de cárie e redução da perda de volume mineral.
Title in English
Bacterial adhesion to enamel surface irradiated by lasers using caries preventive parameters
Keywords in English
Bacterial Adhesion
Dental caries
Dental Enamel
Hardness Tests
Lasers
Prevention & Control
Surface Properties
Abstract in English
The development and improvement of new technologies for prevention/control of dental caries has increased in the last years, specially the use of lasers in Dentistry. Studies show the potential of high power lasers to enhance the dental enamel acid resistance. However, it is still questioned if the morphological changes on the enamel surface, as a result of laser irradiation, can increase the surface bacterial adhesion and as a result, increase the risk for development of dental caries. The main objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate bacterial adhesion to enamel surface previously irradiated by different high power lasers using parameters for caries prevention, correlating with surface roughness after treatments, and besides that, the evaluation of dental substrate mineral loss. Sixty specimens of dental enamel (4 x 4 mm) were randomly distributed in 6 groups (n=10): G1 - negative control (no surface treatment); G2 - positive control (fluoride); G3 - Er:YAG laser; G4 - Er,Cr:YSGG laser; G5 - Nd:YAG laser and G6 - CO2 laser. The surface roughness test was developed using the OCT method, followed by the evaluation of bacterial adhesion that was performed using Streptococcus mutans as the tested microorganism. The evaluation of mineral loss was done by Knoop microhardness test. The results were evaluated by means of ANOVA and Tukey tests (=5%). It was concluded that there is no correlation between surface treatment and adhesion of Streptococcus mutans. The enamel surfaces treated with fluoride or CO2 laser showed the lesser roughness values, while Er:YAG laser the higher values. The fluoride group showed the lesser biofilm formation tax, while Control and Er:YAG the higher ones. Besides that, it was verified that all the surface treatments were effective, and the treatments with fluoride and CO2 laser the most effective on caries prevention and mineral loss reduction.
 
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Publishing Date
2010-05-27
 
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