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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.22.2018.tde-05102018-184621
Document
Author
Full name
João Paulo de Freitas
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2018
Supervisor
Committee
Gir, Elucir (President)
Reinato, Lilian Andreia Fleck
Reis, Renata Karina
Sorensen, William
Title in Portuguese
Adesão irregular aos antirretrovirais por pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS
Keywords in Portuguese
Adesão à medicação
Antirretrovirais
HIV
Hospitalização
Abstract in Portuguese
Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de abordagem qualitativa e quantitativa que teve por objetivo avaliar os aspectos referentes à adesão irregular aos antirretrovirais por pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto e pela Unidade de Pesquisa Clínica do Hospital das Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de outubro de 2017 a abril de 2018, em duas unidades de internação especializadas em tratamento das pessoas com HIV/aids, de um hospital público do interior paulista sendo organizada em duas etapas: Aplicação do questionário elaborado pelo pesquisador e consulta ao prontuário eletrônico. A partir disso, a entrevista semiestruturada foi gravada e posteriormente transcrita e revisada pelo próprio pesquisador. Os dados quantitativos coletados foram organizados em planilhas do Microsoft® Office Excel 2011 for Windows. Logo após, os dados foram transferidos para o banco de dados definitivo e analisados por meio do software IBM®SPSS, versão 23.0 for Windows. A análise e processamento dos dados qualitativos foram realizados pela Classificação Hierárquica Descendente com base fundamentada no Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Identificou-se que a adesão irregular aos antirretrovirais está intimamente ligada a aspectos do contexto social, econômico e cultural em que estão inseridas as PVHA. Apesar do tratamento no Brasil ser gratuito, as questões financeiras mencionadas têm relação com o cotidiano da vida social e exercem influência no uso regular do medicamento. Participaram do estudo 50 indivíduos hospitalizados. A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 42 anos e a média do tempo de diagnóstico de HIV foi de 12 anos. Analisando as características clínicas, percebeu-se que 86,4% dos indivíduos tinham mais de cinco anos de diagnóstico e mantinham parceria afetiva sexual (84,6%) em relação aos que não mantinham (81,1%). Outras condições foram relatadas: necessidade de apoio familiar; uso de álcool e outras drogas e dificuldades com a adaptação à apresentação medicamentosa. As principais dificuldades enfrentadas por pessoas vivendo com HIV/aids hospitalizadas e que estão em adesão irregular são os efeitos adversos causados pelo medicamento, os problemas financeiros, o estigma social e familiar e o uso de álcool e drogas. Mais de 80% dos participantes apresentaram diagnóstico de HIV há mais de cinco anos.
Title in English
Irregular adherence to antiretrovirals by people living with HIV/AIDS
Keywords in English
Anti-Retroviral Agents
HIV
Hospitalization
Medication adherence
Abstract in English
This is a cross-sectional, qualitative and quantitative study whose objective was to evaluate the aspects related to irregular adherence to antiretrovirals by people living with HIV / AIDS. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Ribeirão Preto School of Nursing and the Clinical Research Unit of the Ribeirão Preto "Hospital das Clínicas". The data of collection took place from October 2017 to April 2018, in two hospitalization units specialized in the treatment of people with HIV / AIDS, from a public hospital in the interior of São Paulo. It was organized in two stages: Application of the questionnaire prepared by the researcher and consult the electronic medical record. From this, the semi-structured interview was recorded and later transcribed and revised by the researcher himself. The quantitative data collected was organized into Microsoft® Office Excel 2011 for Windows spreadsheets. Shortly after the data was transferred to the definitive database and analyzed using IBM®SPSS software, version 23.0 for Windows. The analysis and processing of the qualitative data were performed by the Descending Hierarchical Classification based on the Discourse of the Collective Subject. It has been identified that irregular adherence to antiretrovirals is closely linked to aspects of the social, economic and cultural context in which PLWHA are inserted. Although the treatment in Brazil is free, the mentioned financial issues are related to the daily life of social life and influence the regular use of the drug. Fifty hospitalized individuals participated in the study. The mean age of the patients was 42 years and the average time of diagnosis of HIV was 12 years. Analyzing the clinical characteristics 86.4% of the individuals had more than five years of diagnosis maintained a sexual affective partnership (84.6%) compared to those who did not maintain (81.1%). Other conditions were reported: need for family support; use of alcohol and other drugs and difficulties with adaptation to drug presentation. The main difficulties faced by people living with HIV / AIDS who are hospitalized and who are in irregular adherence are the adverse effects caused by the drug, financial problems, social and family stigma, alcohol and drug use. More than 80% of participants had been diagnosed with HIV for more than five years.
 
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Publishing Date
2018-12-20
 
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