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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.22.2016.tde-05012016-150810
Document
Author
Full name
Natalia Michelato Silva
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2015
Supervisor
Committee
Marques, Sueli (President)
Formighieri, Paulo Fernandes
Santos, Manoel Antonio dos
Title in Portuguese
Idoso em tratamento oncológico: relação entre esperança, sintomas depressivos e nível de estresse
Keywords in Portuguese
Depressão
Esperança
Estresse Psicológico
Idoso
Neoplasia
Abstract in Portuguese
O câncer (CA) é a segunda causa de morte no mundo, apresentando aumento significativo na sua prevalência entre os idosos. Seu tratamento pode acarretar prejuízos físico e emocional, entre eles o estresse e a depressão. Um dos recursos relevante para o enfrentamento desse adoecimento é a esperança. Assim, o objetivo geral deste estudo foi: analisar a relação entre a capacidade funcional, o nível de estresse, sintomas depressivos e o nível de esperança em idosos em tratamento quimioterápico, atendidos em uma Central de Quimioterapia, de um Hospital Geral Terciário. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, não experimental, descritivo, exploratório e transversal, realizado com 123 idosos com CA, em tratamento quimioterápico. Para a coleta de dados, utilizaram-se o Mini Exame do Estado Mental, um Questionário sociodemográfico e de saúde, o Índice de Katz, a Escala de Lawton e Brody, a Escala de Depressão Geriátrica, a Escala de Estresse Percebido e a Escala de Esperança de Hert. Quanto aos aspectos sociodemográficos, a média de idade foi 68,2 anos, 51,2% eram mulheres, 65,0% casados(as); 57,7% estudaram de 1 a 4 anos (média de 5,8 anos); 68,3% informaram ser católicos; 34,1% moravam somente com o cônjuge; 70,7% possuíam aposentadoria, renda mensal média de R$1.470,00. Em relação aos aspectos de saúde, 39,0% possuíam CA gastrintestinal e 17,9% de mama; a média de tempo de diagnóstico foi 16,1 meses e de tratamento 15,3; 77,2% apresentavam algum efeito colateral do tratamento, com predomínio (54,4%) de fadiga. Quanto ao desempenho funcional 83,7% eram independentes para as atividades básicas de vida diária e 51,2% para as instrumentais. No que se refere aos aspectos emocionais, 71,5% apresentaram sintomas depressivos, o nível médio de estresse percebido foi de 16,3 pontos e o de esperança 44,4. Identificou- se que, idosos com ausência de sintomas depressivos obtiveram valores mais elevados na escala de esperança quando comparados aos com presença de sintomas depressivos (p<0,01), isto é, idosos com ausência desses sintomas apresentaram maior nível de esperança; houve correlação moderada negativa (r=- 0,53) entre o nível de esperança e o nível de estresse, indicando que quanto maior o nível de estresse menor é o nível de esperança. A compreensão dos aspectos emocionais relacionados ao adoecimento pode subsidiar o planejamento da assistência, com enfoque multidisciplinar, visando o desenvolvimento e/ou fortalecimento de recursos emocionais para vivenciar esta experiência
Title in English
Older adults in treatment for cancer: relationship among hope, depressive symptoms and level of stress
Keywords in English
Aged
Depression
Hope
Neoplasms
Psychological
Stress
Abstract in English
Cancer (CA) is the second leading cause of death worldwide, with significant increase in its prevalence among the elderly. Its treatment can cause physical and emotional harm, including stress and depression. One of the relevant resources to face this illness is hope. Thus, the general aim of this study was to analyze the relationship among the functional capacity, the level of stress, depressive symptoms and the level of hope in older adults undergoing chemotherapy, assisted in a Chemotherapy Center in a General Tertiary Hospital. It is a quantitative, non- experimental, descriptive, exploratory and cross-sectional study carried out with 123 elderly patients with CA, undergoing chemotherapy. To collect data, the Mini-Mental State Examination, a Sociodemographic and Health Questionnaire, the Katz Index, Lawton and Brody Scale, the Geriatric Depression Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale and the Herth Hope Scale were used. As to the sociodemographic characteristics, the mean age was 68.2 years, 51.2% were women, 65% were married; 57.7% had 1 to 4 years of education (mean of 5.8 years); 68.3% reported to be Catholic; 34.1% lived only with their spouse; 70.7% received retirement payment, with average monthly income of BRL 1,470.00. Regarding health aspects, 39.0% had gastrointestinal CA and 17.9% breast CA; the average diagnostic time was 16.1 months and 15.3 of treatment; 77.2% had some side effect of treatment, predominantly (54.4%) fatigue. As to the functional performance, 83.7% were independent for basic activities of daily living and 51.2% for the instrumental ones. With regard to the emotional aspects, 71.5% had depressive symptoms, the average level of perceived stress was 16.3 points and of hope 44.4. It was identified that the elderly with no depressive symptoms had higher values on the scale of hope compared with the ones with presence of depressive symptoms (p<0.01), that is, elderly patients with absence of these symptoms had higher level of hope; there was moderate negative correlation (r=-0.53) between the level of hope and the level of stress, indicating that the higher the level of stress the lower the level of hope. Understanding the emotional aspects related to illness due to cancer can support the planning of care to the elderly, with a multidisciplinary approach for the development and/or strengthening of emotional resources to live through this experience
 
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Publishing Date
2016-01-22
 
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