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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.22.2018.tde-31082018-155141
Document
Author
Full name
Vivian Aline Preto
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2018
Supervisor
Committee
Cardoso, Lucilene (President)
Donato, Edilaine Cristina da Silva Gherardi
Pereira, Sandra de Souza
Santos, Sinval Avelino dos
Title in Portuguese
O estresse em universitários de enfermagem e sua relação com fatores pessoais e ambientais
Keywords in Portuguese
Estresse fisiológico ; Estresse psicológico ; Estudantes de enfermagem ; Saúde mental
Abstract in Portuguese
Diante das evidências de que o estresse está presente entre os universitários de enfermagem e os malefícios que o estresse crônico pode ocasionar à saúde física e mental, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência de fatores pessoais e ambientais relacionados ao estresse recente em universitários de enfermagem, assim como avaliar a ocorrência, os fatores associados e preditores do estresse recente. Foi realizado um estudo epidemiológico, transversal, analítico, com abordagem quantitativa em duas instituições privadas de ensino superior, com 209 universitários de enfermagem do primeiro ao último ano. Foram utilizados como instrumentos de coleta de dados um questionário sociodemográfico, de condições ocupacionais e de saúde, o -Questionário sobre Traumas na infância? (CTQ), a -Escala de Estresse Percebido? (Perceived Stress Scale- PSS), o -Inventário de Sintomas de Stress? para adultos (ISSL), a -Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg? e a -Escala de Reajustamento Social de Homes-Rahe?. Para a análise dos dados foi realizada a estatística descritiva, medidas de tendência central, teste Qui-quadrado de Person (?²) ou o teste exato de Fisher quando violadas as suposições matemáticas para o teste Qui-quadrado e regressão logística binária, utilizando o software SPSS, versão 21, e o nível de significância adotado em toda a análise foi 5% (alfa=0,05). Observou-se que, entre os universitários de enfermagem, 164 (78,5%) apresentam estresse e a maioria na fase de resistência, 121(57,9%), principalmente com manifestações de sintomas psicológico, 121(57,9%); 77 (36,8%) vivenciaram estresse precoce, com predomínio de abuso emocional, 42(20,5%); e 40(20%) apresentam fortes chances de adoecer. A maioria apresenta autoestima média, 106 (50,7%), ou alta, 95 (45,5%). O estresse recente teve associação com problemas de saúde, uso de medicamentos, autorrelato de estresse, percepção de estresse e exigências de reajustamento social. Além disso, realizar atividade física, tabagismo, alta autoestima, vivências de estresse precoce e ter religião foram apontados como preditores de estresse. Enquanto média e alta percepção de estresse, ser casado, trabalhar, trabalhar na área da saúde, ter atividades de lazer semanal representam menores chances para o estresse nos universitários de enfermagem do estudo. Conclui-se que fatores pessoais como problemas de saúde, uso de medicamentos, autorrelato de estresse, percepção de estresse e o fator ambiental exigências de reajustamento social influenciam no estresse recente em universitários de enfermagem
Title in English
Stress among university nursing students and its relationship with personal and environmental factors
Keywords in English
Mental health ; Stress physiological ; Stress psychological ; Students nursing
Abstract in English
In light of the evidence that stress is present among university nursing students and the evils that chronic stress can cause to physical and mental health, this study was aimed at assessing the influence of personal and environmental factors related to the recent stress in university nursing students, as well as to assess the occurrence, the associated factors and the predictors of the recent stress. We performed an epidemiological, cross- sectional and analytical study, with a quantitative approach, in two private higher education institutions, with 209 nursing students from the first to the last year. Regarding the data collection tools, we used a sociodemographic questionnaire about occupational and health conditions, the -Childhood Trauma Questionnaire? (CTQ), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the -Inventory of Symptoms of Stress? for adults (ISSL), the -Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale? and the -Holmes-Rahe Social Readjustment Scale?. In order to analyze the data, we used descriptive statistics, measures of central tendency, Pearson Chi-square test (?²) or Fisher exact test, when the mathematical assumptions for the Chi-square test were violated, and binary logistic regression, using the SPSS software, version 21. The level of significance adopted throughout the analysis was 5% (alpha = 0.05). We have observed that, among university nursing students, 164 (78.5%) presented stress, and most in the resistance stage, 121 (57.9%), especially with manifestations of psychological symptoms, 121 (57.9%); 77 (36.8%) experienced early stress, with a predominance of emotional abuse, 42 (20.5%); and 40 (20%) present strong chances of becoming ill. Most of them have medium or high self-esteem, 106 (50.7%) and 95 (45.5%), respectively. The recent stress was associated with health problems, use of medication, selfreport of stress, perception of stress, and demands for social readjustment. Moreover, performing physical activity, smoking, high self-esteem, experiences of early stress and having religion were signalized as predictors of stress. Conversely, medium and high perceived stress, being married, working, working in the health area and having weekly leisure activities represent lower chances of suffering from stress in the surveyed university nursing students. We have concluded that personal factors such as health problems, use of medication, self-report of stress, perception of stress and the environmental factor demands for social readjustment influence on the recent stress in university nursing students
 
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VIVIANALINEPRETO.pdf (3.34 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2018-10-26
 
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