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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.21.2011.tde-18042012-162016
Document
Author
Full name
Fernanda Imperatrice Colabuono
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2011
Supervisor
Committee
Montone, Rosalinda Carmela (President)
Bicego, Marcia Caruso
Gomes, Vicente
Moreira, Isabel Maria Neto da Silva
Petry, Maria Virgínia
Title in Portuguese
Poluentes orgânicos persistentes e ingestão de plásticos em albatrozes e petréis (Procellariiformes)
Keywords in Portuguese
Bifenilos policlorados
Brasil
Isótopos estáveis
Pesticidas organoclorados
Plásticos
Procellariiformes
Abstract in Portuguese
Os albatrozes e petréis (Procellariiformes) são aves oceânicas e migratórias de grande interesse conservacionista. Neste trabalho foram estudadas duas classes de poluentes bastante conhecidos por afetarem negativamente as aves marinhas: os poluentes orgânicos persistentes e os plásticos. Bifenilos policlorados (PCBs) e pesticidas organoclorados foram detectados no tecido adiposo, fígado e músculo de oito espécies de Procellariiformes. Apesar da grande variabilidade intraespecífica nas concentrações, os perfis de PCBs e pesticidas organoclorados foram semelhantes entre os indíviduos, com predôminância de PCBs penta, hexa e heptaclorados e do p´p-DDE. A condição corporal se mostrou um fator importante na variação e redistribuição dos organoclorados nos tecidos das aves. As análises de isótopos estáveis de carbono e nitrogênio no fígado e músculo das aves mostraram que a dieta não foi suficiente para explicar as concentrações de organoclorados nas espécies estudadas e reforçaram a influência de fatores como idade, distribuição e especifidade da dieta na contaminação por estes compostos em aves marinhas. PCBs e pesticidas organoclorados foram detectados em pellets e fragmentos plásticos encontrados no trato digestório das aves estudadas, com perfis semelhantes aos encontrados nos tecidos dos Procellariiformes. A ocorrência de poluentes orgânicos em plásticos evidencia a capacidade destes de adsorver e transportar estes compostos e reforça o potencial dos plásticos como uma fonte adicional de contaminação para os animais que os ingerem, como as aves marinhas.
Title in English
Persistent organic pollutants and plastic ingestion in albatrosses and petrels (Procellariiformes)
Keywords in English
Brazil
Organochlorine pesticides
Plastics
Polychorinated biphenyls
Procellariiformes
Stable isotopes
Abstract in English
Albatrosses and petrels (Procellariiformes) are migratory oceanic birds of considerable conservational interest. The aim of the present study was to evaluate two classes of pollutants that negatively affect seabirds: persistent organic pollutants and plastics. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were detected in the adipose tissue, liver and muscle of eight species of Procellariiformes. Although organochlorine concentrations exhibited a high degree of intra-species variability, the profiles of PCBs and OCPs were similar among the individuals, with predominance of penta, hexa and heptachlorobiphenyls and p´p-DDE. Body condition was an important factor in the variation and redistribution of organochlorine compounds in the tissues of the birds. Stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen in the liver and muscle revealed that diet alone was insufficient to explain the organochlorine concentrations in the species studied, suggesting the influence of factors such as age, distribution and diet specificity regarding organochlorine contamination in seabirds. PCBs and OCPs were detected in plastic fragments and pellets found in the digestive tract of Procellariiformes, with profiles very similar to those found in the tissues of the birds. The occurrence of organic pollutants in plastics demonstrates their ability to adsorb and transport these compounds and underscores the potential of plastics as an additional source of contamination in organisms that ingest these products, such as seabirds.
 
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Fernanda.pdf (2.09 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2012-04-25
 
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