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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.2.2009.tde-13082009-092724
Document
Author
Full name
Ana Farias Hirano
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2009
Supervisor
Committee
Maior, Jorge Luiz Souto (President)
Oliveira, Paulo Eduardo Vieira de
Viana, Marcio Túlio
Title in Portuguese
Acordos homologados pela Justiça do Trabalho: uma análise dos dissídios individuais na fase de conhecimento
Keywords in Portuguese
Audiência (processo trabalhista)
Conflito trabalhista
Desempregados
Desemprego
Direito do trabalho
Dissídio individual
Justiça do Trabalho
Processo de conhecimento
Transação
Abstract in Portuguese
A presente dissertação tem por objetivo a análise dos acordos homologados pela Justiça do Trabalho em dissídios individuais na fase de conhecimento. Essa análise foi empreendida dentro do contexto socioeconômico atual: acirrada competitividade interempresarial, altas taxas de desemprego e poucos mecanismos de proteção efetiva ao emprego. Verificou-se que esses acordos implicam, em parte, renúncias de direitos trabalhistas e, em parte, autênticas transações. Discutiram-se os limites que renúncia e transação possuem na esfera trabalhista. A partir dessa discussão, analisou-se a interferência negativa dos acordos trabalhistas, nos moldes em que vêm sendo realizados, na eficácia do Direito do Trabalho. Para enriquecer esse estudo, foi empreendida pesquisa de campo que teve por objeto a análise de cento e oitenta acordos (noventa acordos em audiência inicial e noventa acordos firmados após a instrução do processo, mas antes da sentença) homologados na Justiça do Trabalho da 2a Região, nas noventa Varas do Trabalho do Fórum Rui Barbosa. Essa pesquisa teve por objetivo verificar como ocorre o procedimento conciliatório na Justiça do Trabalho, observar a conduta do juiz e das partes e, especialmente, o conteúdo do acordo. Foi conduzida outra pesquisa com reclamantes e reclamadas, para aferir aspectos subjetivos relacionados aos acordos: condição socioeconômica das partes, contentamento (pacificação social) e outras questões subjetivas relacionadas ao acordo firmado. Por fim, apontaram-se mecanismos externos e internos ao processo judicial, capazes de promover, incentivar e, em certa medida, até mesmo garantir a homologação de acordos justos na Justiça do Trabalho.
Title in English
Agreements homologated by the labor court: an analysis of the individual bargaining agreements entered into early in the negotiation process
Keywords in English
Agreements
Process
Abstract in English
The present dissertation's objective is the analysis of individual bargaining agreements entered into early in the negotiation process that are subsequently homologated by the Labor Court. This analysis was conducted within the present socioeconomic context: fierce competition between companies, high unemployment rates and few effective mechanisms protecting the employee. It was determined that these agreements represent, in part, a waiver of an individuals rights under the labor laws and, in part, authentic transactions. There was a discussion of the bondaries of the former and latter in the realm of labor law. From this discussion, there was an assessment of the negative impact of labor agreements, in how they are consummated, in implementing labor law norms. To ensure the study was comprehensive, field research was conducted analyzing one hundred and eighty agreements (ninety of which were consummated at the first hearing and ninety of which were consummated after the fact-finding stage, but before the sentence) homologated at the Labor Circuit of the 2nd Region, at ninety Labor Courts of the Rui Barbosa Tribunal. The objective of this research was threefold: to understand how the parties come to an agreement at the Labor Court, to observe the judge's and parties's conduct and, especially, to analyse the content of the agreement. Another study was conducted with complainants and defendants, to compare subjective aspects related to the agreements: the socioeconomic status of the parties, the degree of satisfaction with the agreement, and other subjective factors related to the final agreement. Finally, mechanisms were recommended, both external and internal to the judicial process, capable of promoting, encouraging and, to a certain extent, ensuring the homologation of fair agreements at the Labor Court.
 
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Publishing Date
2009-10-02
 
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