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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.18.2019.tde-25092019-134116
Document
Author
Full name
Fábio Edson Mariani
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Casteletti, Luiz Carlos (President)
Canale, Lauralice de Campos Franceschini
Lombardi Neto, Amadeu
Picone, Carlos Alberto
Spinelli, José Eduardo
Title in Portuguese
Produção de camadas de carbonetos por tratamentos termorreativos em ferros fundidos nodulares e vermicular e suas caracterizações
Keywords in Portuguese
Austêmpera
Corrosão
Desgaste
Ferro fundido nodula
Ferro fundido vermicular
Tratamento térmico de difusão
Abstract in Portuguese
Foram produzidas camadas de carbonetos por meio do tratamento termorreativo de difusão (TRD) em quatro ferros fundidos nodulares: um sem elemento de liga e outros três ligados com Cu, Cu-Ni e Cu-Ni-Mo, respectivamente; e um ferro fundido vermicular. O banho era composto por borato de sódio, alumínio, ferro-nióbio e/ou ferro-vanádio, a 1000 °C com tempo de permanência de tratamento de 2 horas. Realizou-se austêmpera, a partir dessa temperatura, em banho de sal fundido a 300 °C. As amostras foram caracterizadas por meio de microscopias óptica e MEV, EDS, DRX, ensaios de durezas Brinell e Vickers, Daimler-Benz Rockwell-C, ensaios de desgaste microadesivo, do tipo esfera fixa, e de corrosão por meio de ensaios de polarização potenciodinâmica. Os tratamentos TRD foram altamente eficientes para a produção de camadas de carbonetos uniformes e com boas aderências aos substratos, em todos os ferros fundidos em estudo. O ferro fundido nodular não ligado apresentou os menores valores de espessuras para as camadas produzidas de carbonetos simples de nióbio e de vanádio, tendo ocorrido um aumento dessas espessuras com a adição dos elementos de liga Cu e Cu-Ni, com exceção do Mo. As camadas apresentaram durezas acima de 2300, 2500 e 3050 HV para os casos dos carbonetos de Nb, V e Nb-V, respectivamente. As resistências ao desgaste das amostras foram aumentadas de 5 a 35x em relação aos substratos austemperados. As camadas apresentaram resistências a corrosão muito superiores as dos substratos, indicando a grande eficácia do tratamento TRD para todos os materiais estudados. Os compostos produzidos, constituídos por um substrato otimizado e de camadas de elevados desempenhos tribológicos, tornam-no altamente indicado para as condições severas de uso.
Title in English
Production of carbide layers by thermo-diffusion treatment in nodular and vermicular cast irons and their characterizations
Keywords in English
Austempering
Corrosion
Ductil cast irons
Thermo-diffusion treatment
Vermicular cast irons
Wear
Abstract in English
Carbide layers were produced by thermo-diffusion treatment (TRD) in four nodular cast irons: one without alloying element and the other three bonded with Cu, Cu-Ni and Cu-Ni-Mo, respectively; and a vermicular cast iron. The bath was composed of sodium borate, aluminum, iron-niobium and/or iron-vanadium, at 1000 °C with treatment time of 2 hours. The austempering treatment was carried out at 300 °C for 4 hours in a molten salt bath. The samples were characterized by optical microscopy and SEM, EDX, XRD, Brinell and Vickers hardness tests, Daimler-Benz Rockwell-C, microadhesive wear test (fixed ball type) and corrosion tests using potentiodynamic polarization. The TRD treatments were highly efficient for the production of uniform carbide layers with good adhesion to the substrates in all cast irons under study. Non-alloyed nodular cast iron presented the lowest thickness values for the layers produced from simple niobium and vanadium carbides, with an increase in these thicknesses with the addition of Cu and Cu-Ni alloys, with the exception of Mo. The layers achieved hardness above 2,300, 2,500 and 3,050 HV for the carbides of Nb, V and Nb-V, respectively. The wear resistance of the samples was increased from 5 to 35x in relation to the austempered substrates. The layers presented corrosion resistance far superior if compared to those of the substrates, indicating the great effectiveness of the TRD treatment for all the studied materials. The compounds, consisting of an optimized substrate and layers of high tribological performances, makes it highly suitable for severe conditions of use.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-10-03
 
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