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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.18.2017.tde-02082017-164818
Document
Author
Full name
Leonardo Antonio Vanzella
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2017
Supervisor
Committee
Rocha, Mônica de Lacerda (President)
Abbade, Marcelo Luís Francisco
Francisco, Carlos Alberto de
Title in Portuguese
Formatação de pulso em sistemas coerentes Nyquist-WDM
Keywords in Portuguese
roll-off
N-WDM
Nyquist WDM
OFDM
Redes ópticas
Sistemas ópticos flexíveis
Supercanal
Abstract in Portuguese
A necessidade de transmissão de canais modulados a taxas a partir de 400 Gb/s tem motivado a pesquisa e os esforços relativos às tecnologias de camada física habilitadores desta alta capacidade. A atenção se volta, principalmente, aos frontends (transmissores e receptores), aliados aos processadores digitais de sinal (Digital Signal Processors, DSPs), às técnicas de amplificação óptica e a novos tipos de fibra óptica. Em particular a técnica baseada no emprego de filtros de Nyquist combinados à multiplexação de comprimentos de onda (Wavelength Division Multiplexing, DWM), conhecida como Nyquist-WDM, ou N-WDM, tem atraído grande interesse para geração de supercanais ópticos, hoje um dos elementos chave nos sistemas de redes ópticas. O estudo dos fundamentos e casos particulares dos filtros de Nyquist são aprofundados nesta dissertação para o controle de seus parâmetros, em especial o parâmetro conhecido como fator de roll-off, em aplicações que requerem flexibilidade na ocupação espectral e até o reaproveitamento das limitações do filtro para atenuar alguns efeitos lineares e não lineares na fibra. A técnica utiliza um tipo de formatação geométrica de pulso e é limitada pelo ajuste grosso do fator de roll-off, mas como abordagem inicial, permite estabelecer uma série de compromissos na concepção do circuito eletrônico de um transponder sintonizável. Uma investigação teórica foi feita em um sistema PM-16QAM de 21x256 Gb/s, a partir de dados experimentais obtidos com roll-off igual 0,1, para análise do efeito no desempenho sistêmico do ajuste do excesso de largura de banda (em relação à banda de Nyquist) de um filtro formatador de pulso. O fator de roll-off foi ajustado e seu impacto no desempenho do sistema, em termos de alcance, foi verificado. A partir dos resultados, foi observado que, desde que a taxa de erro de bit, BER, esteja dentro do limite do código corretor de erro (forward error corrector, FEC), o valor de roll-off pode ser ajustado para um valor ótimo de acordo com a configuração do sistema e as metas requeridas. Uma vez encontrada a relação entre a BER e o fator de roll-off, foi possível determinar um fator de mérito que relaciona a resolução do filtro de Nyquist, em função do número de taps que ele emprega, o consumo de energia da DSP e, consequentemente, a BER. O compromisso assim estabelecido entre o desempenho sistêmico, o consumo de energia e o fator de roll-off representa a principal contribuição desta dissertação.
Title in English
Geometric pulse shaping in Nyquist-WDM coherent systems
Keywords in English
Flexible optic systems
N-WDM
Nyquist WDM
OFDM
Optical networks
roll-off
Super-channels
Abstract in English
The need for transmission of channels modulated at rates greater than 400 Gb/s has motivated the research and efforts related to the physical layer technologies that will enable this high capacity. The attention turns mainly to the frontends (transmitters and receivers), allied to digital signal processors (DSPs), optical amplification techniques and new types of optical fiber. The technique based on the use of Nyquist filters combined withWavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM), known as Nyquist-WDM, or N-WDM, has attracted great interest for the generation of optical super-channels, today one of the key elements in optical network systems. The study of the fundamentals and particular cases of the Nyquist filters are detailed in this dissertation for mastering the control of the parameters, especially the parameter known as roll-off factor, for applications that require flexibility in the spectral occupation and even the reutilization of the limitations of the filter to attenuate some linear and non-linear effects on the fiber. The technique uses a geometric type of pulse-shaping, and is limited by the roll-off factor tunning, but as an initial approach, it allows to establish a series of compensations in the design of the electronic circuit of a tunable transponder. A theoretical investigation was made on a 21x256 Gb/s PM-16QAM system, taken as reference the experimental data obtained with roll-off equal to 0.1, to analyze the effects of adjusting the excess bandwidth (relative to the Nyquist band) of a pulse-shaping filter. The roll-off factor was tunned and its impact on the system performance in terms of range effects was verified. From the results, it was observed that, as long as the bit error ratio, BER, is within the FEC limit, the roll-off parameter can be set to an optimum value according to the system configuration and required targets. Once the relationship between the BER and the roll-off factor was found, it was possible to determine a merit factor that relates the resolution of the Nyquist filter, as a function of the number of taps it uses, the energy consumption of the DSP and, consequently, the BER. The compromise thus established between system performance, energy consumption and roll off represents the main contribution of this work.
 
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Publishing Date
2017-08-08
 
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