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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.18.2016.tde-20052016-095449
Document
Author
Full name
Ozelito Possidonio de Amarante Júnior
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2004
Supervisor
Committee
Vieira, Eny Maria (President)
Chierice, Gilberto Orivaldo
Espindola, Evaldo Luiz Gaeta
Ribeiro, Maria Lúcia
Santos, Teresa Cristina Rodrigues dos
Title in Portuguese
Estudo da dinâmica e destino ambiental dos fluidos usados na usinagem industrial de peças metálicas
Keywords in Portuguese
Cromatografia
Degradação
Fluidos de corte
Microrganismos
Abstract in Portuguese
Este estudo consistiu na investigação sobre a interação dos lubrificantes empregados na usinagem de metais com a matéria orgânica natural (substâncias húmicas), a sua mobilidade no solo, a degradação microbiológica e a remoção dos mesmos do solo. Realizou-se, também, um estudo sobre as mudanças nas características dos fluidos após a sua utilização. Para o processo de degradação das amostras de fluido, submetidos aos efeitos de diferentes fatores ambientais, foram utilizados quatro tratamentos : (i) microrganismos nativos, chamada amostra controle; (ii) amostra controle com matéria orgânica proveniente de turfa; (iii) amostra controle acrescida de microrganismos existentes nos efluentes de máquinas de corte; e (iv) amostra controle com adição de microrganismos de compostagem. Para a pesquisa da degradação sem o efeito dos parâmetros climáticos, foram utilizadas amostras de solo contaminadas mantendo-se em estufa, e a inoculação dos microrganismos em meios de cultura com e sem acréscimo de fonte alternativa de carbono. Como técnicas analíticas, foram utilizadas a CG-DIC e a CG-EM. Essas técnicas são indicadas tanto para estudar a composição dos fluidos quanto dos produtos de degradação microbiológica, tendo sido otimizados métodos analíticos para serem empregados no monitoramento ambiental e de estudos de degradação. As análises por IVTF e por EF também foram empregadas na identificação e quantificação dos fluidos. Observou-se uma considerável interação dos fluidos solúveis com a matéria orgânica do solo, embora tenham se apresentado com alta mobilidade para alguns constituintes, bem como um acelerado processo de degradação durante o uso. De outro modo, os fluidos insolúveis se apresentaram mais imóveis, ficando retidos na matéria orgânica do solo, entretanto, foram mais prontamente degradados no ambiente que os solúveis. A adição de matéria orgânica e de microrganismos de compostagem acelerou o processo de degradação para todos os fluidos de corte investigados.
Title in English
Study of the dynamics and environmental fate of the fluids employed in the metallic tool industrial machining
Keywords in English
Chromatography
Cutting fluids
Degradation
Microorganisms
Abstract in English
This study is an investigation of the interaction of lubricants employed in metal machining and natural organic matter (humic substances), their mobility in soil, microbial degradation and their removal from the soil. Also, was performed study of changes in characteristic on fluids after their use. On degradation process from fluid samples, contaminated soils submitted to different environment factors, were used four treatments : (i) native microorganisms named control sample; (ii) control sample added by organic matter from peat; (iii) control sample added by microorganisms existing in flowing out from cutting machines; and (iv) control sample with addition of microorganisms from composting. For degradation research by no effect from climate parameters were used sample of contaminated soil been investigated in stove and microorganisms inoculation in culture mean with and without addition of alternative carbon source. As analytical techniques were used GC-FID and GG-MS. These techniques are both indicated for fluid composition studies and microbial degradation product. Analytic methods had been optimized to be employed on environmental monitoring and degradation studies. The FTIR and espectrofluorimetric methods were used for the fluid identification and quantification. Were observed a notable interaction between soluble fluids and soil organic matter, thought it had been verified high mobility for some compounds as well an accelerated process of degradation during their use. Otherwise, insoluble fluids were more immobile been restrained in soil organic matter, nevertheless, were readily degraded in environment than soluble ones. Organic matter and composting microorganisms' addition accelerated the degradation process for all cutting fluids investigated.
 
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Publishing Date
2016-05-20
 
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