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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.18.2006.tde-13122006-152729
Document
Author
Full name
Ricardo dos Santos Coelho
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2006
Supervisor
Committee
Vieira, Eny Maria (President)
Amarante Júnior, Ozelito Possidonio de
Paschoalato, Cristina Filomêna Pereira Rosa
Schalch, Valdir
Yoshioka, Sergio Akinobu
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação da toxicidade de fluidos de usinagem através da ecotoxicologia aquática
Keywords in Portuguese
Bioensaios
Ecotoxicologia aquática
Fluidos de usinagem
Abstract in Portuguese
Análises ecotoxicológicas vêm sendo amplamente empregadas no monitoramento de amostras ambientais, efluentes industriais e substâncias complexas. Com o objetivo de avaliar a toxicidade de fluidos de usinagem usados na indústria de peças metálicas, foram feitos ensaios de toxicidade aguda com espécies de três diferentes níveis tróficos: Vibrio fischeri, Daphnia similis, Daphnia laevis e Danio rerio. As amostras dos fluidos foram também analisadas quanto aos valores de DQO, fenol, pH, cor, densidade e surfactantes. Os parâmetros físicos e químicos encontram-se dentro dos limites da legislação CONAMA 357 (D.O.U., 2005). Os resultados dos bioensaios revelaram que os fluidos de usinagem apresentaram toxicidade aos organismos empregados neste estudo, e que o tratamento das amostras com radiação gama não foi eficiente na diminuição da toxicidade dessas matrizes. Foi observado que a radiação gama potencializou o efeito tóxico dos fluidos estudados. A biodegradação em solo demonstrou ser efetiva para os fluidos de usinagem e bactérias endêmicas foram identificadas e isoladas para possível utilização no tratamento de áreas contaminadas com fluidos de usinagem. O monitoramento e gestão dos resíduos de fluido de usinagem são necessários para a preservação dos organismos aquáticos devido a sua toxicidade elevada.
Title in English
Evaluation of the toxicity of fluids employed in the metallic tool industrial machining using aquatic ecotoxicology
Keywords in English
Aquatic ecotoxicology
Cutting fluis
Toxicity tests
Abstract in English
Ecotoxicological analyses have being used to monitor environmental samples, industrial effluents and complex substances. With the objective to analyze the toxicity of cutting fluids used in the machinery industry, acute toxicity test with species of three different throphic levels: Vibrio fischeri, Daphnia similis, Daphnia laevis e Danio rerio, were performing. The samples of fluids were analyzed by COD, phenol, pH, color, density and surfactants. The physical and chemical parameters are the according with the brazilian law, CONAMA 357 (D.O.U. 2005}. The results of the toxicity tests showed that the cutting fluids have high toxicity to the organisms used in this study and the gamma radiation treatment was not efficient to decrease the matrix. The biodegradation in soil demonstrated be effective to the cutting fluids and the indigenous bacteria were identified and isolated to possible treatment of soils contaminated with these kinds of substances. The monitoring and management of residues of cutting fluids are necessary to preservation of aquatic live, in consequence of their high toxicity.
 
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TESERICARDOCOELHO.pdf (1.51 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2007-01-05
 
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