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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.18.2016.tde-07102016-104620
Document
Author
Full name
Guilherme Duarte Martins
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2004
Supervisor
Committee
Schalch, Valdir (President)
Crestana, Silvio
Leite, Wellington Cyro de Almeida
Title in Portuguese
Levantamento qualitativo dos resíduos sólidos industriais nas micro e pequenas indústrias do município de São Carlos (SP) e panorama atual dos inventários estaduais
Keywords in Portuguese
Índice de geração de resíduos
Inventário de resíduos
Micro e pequenas indústrias
Resíduos industriais
Resíduos sólidos industriais
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo deste trabalho é levantar qualitativamente os resíduos sólidos industriais gerados pelas diversas atividades industriais no município de São Carlos - SP, aplicando um questionário, e propor diretrizes para futuros inventários. Para tanto realizamos um levantamento das indústrias de transformação do município, usando a lista das indústrias cadastradas na Prefeitura Municipal. Estas indústrias foram classificadas segundo a CNAE (Classificação das Atividades Econômicas), de acordo com sua atividade. Revisamos a bibliografia para avaliar a situação atual, internacional e do Brasil, em relação a índices de geração de resíduos sólidos industriais e o panorama dos inventários estaduais realizado em conjunto com o Ministério do Meio Ambiente. Foram visitadas 112 unidades industriais, sendo que apenas 36 atenderam prontamente, destas apenas 17 empresas apresentaram dados adequados para análise. Outras 21 eram endereços residenciais, 11 estavam fechadas ou mudaram de endereço e 44 não atenderam, apesar das várias tentativas, que em alguns casos chegaram a 15 visitas na mesma empresa. Os resultados obtidos com a avaliação do questionário mostram que os resíduos sólidos industriais nas micro e pequenas empresas, nos aspectos qualitativos, são semelhantes aos das médias e grandes indústrias, porém, alguns resíduos como lodo de estação de tratamento de efluentes não foram encontrados nas empresas visitadas. Pode-se concluir que em relação aos dados obtidos nas indústrias, apesar da amostra de tipologias ser pequena, é importante incluir as micro e pequenas indústrias em futuros inventários.
Title in English
A qualitative survey of industrial solid waste produced by micro and small industries at the São Carlos County, State of São Paulo, Brazil, and an overview of the Brazilian state inventories
Keywords in English
Brazil
Micro and small industries
Qualitative survey
São Carlos County
São Paulo State
Solid waste
Abstract in English
The purpose of this work is to carry out a qualitative survey of solid waste generated by several industries at the São Carlos County, São Paulo, by using a questionnaire, as well as to propose directives for future inventories. To address this issue, we first carried out a survey of industries at São Carlos County using the official listing of industries that has been given to us by the local authority. These industries were then classified according to their activities using the National Classification of Economic Activities (Classificação das Atividades Econômicas, CNAE). We have done a literature survey to evaluate both the brazilian and the international current rates of industrial solid waste generation. In addition, we have carried out an overview of brazilian state inventories, which is the result of a collaborative effort between each state and the ministry of environment. Only 36 out of the 112 industries listed by the local authority agreed to participate in this research. Seventeen out of these 36 industries fulfilled the questionnaire properly. A check of the addresses of all industries on the list showed that 17 addresses were residential, and that 11 companies have stopped their industrial activity. It was striking that 44 industries refused to collaborate or have not received the researcher because the staff of the environment section was out or did not have the time for that (15 occurrences). The evaluation of the questionnaires indicated that the generation of solid waste by micro and small industries was qualitatively similar to that by medium and big industries. However, some residues, such as the slurry from effluent treatment units, were not found in any of the industries inspected. The sample size of this study was small. However, a comparison of the data obtained here with those on the literature clearly indicates that the inclusion of micro and small industries in future inventories is required to define solid waste policies.
 
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Publishing Date
2016-10-07
 
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