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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.18.2012.tde-05072012-094749
Document
Author
Full name
Érico Soriano
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Valêncio, Norma Felicidade Lopes da Silva (President)
Mauad, Frederico Fábio
Moretto, Evandro Mateus
Ribeiro, Wagner Costa
Zhouri, Andréa Luiza Moukhaiber
Title in Portuguese
Confiança, incertezas e discursos sobre os riscos de colapso de barragem na UHE Itaipu Binacional: o processo de vulnerabilização dos moradores a jusante
Keywords in Portuguese
Barragens
Desastre
Risco
Sistemas peritos
Sociedade do risco
Abstract in Portuguese
Vivemos numa sociedade onde os riscos e as ameaças atingiram elevados níveis de abrangência, assim como de ineditismo, através do surgimento de novos riscos sinérgicos. Para corresponder a essa situação, emergiu uma cultura de segurança, caracterizada pela crença na racionalidade técnica, de base científica. Esta cultura apresenta, como atores reguladores, os chamados sistemas peritos, que gabam de grande confiança por parte expressiva da sociedade, e da autoridade de discursos institucionais com status de inquestionabilidade e infalibilidade. Uma produção social de risco, no Brasil, é a construção de barragens, ilustrado, dentre outros, pelo elevado número de acidentes envolvendo estes empreendimentos. No caso da UHE de Itaipu Binacional, foram analisadas algumas variáveis de risco de colapso da barragem, dentre elas: as de caráter ecossistêmico, considerando, principalmente, a presença e reprodução do mexilhão dourado no lago da UHE; as relacionadas a eventos climáticos críticos, uma vez que os cálculos estruturais das obras civis foram baseados em séries históricas que desconsideraram as mudanças no clima; e, as associados ao terrorismo, considerando a presença de uma comunidade local tida como suspeita, no imaginário social, na região da tríplice fronteira. A partir da síntese do estado da arte no debate das ciências sociais e humanas, analisou-se, as similaridades, diferenças e conflitos entre o discurso institucional de segurança da UHE Itaipu Binacional e o das autoridades públicas, com as representações dos grupos sociais inseridos imediatamente à jusante do empreendimento.
Title in English
Confidence, uncertainties and speeches about dam collapse risk in "Itaipu Binacional" hydroelectric power plant: increase of vulnerability for downstream inhabitants
Keywords in English
Dams
Disaster
Expert systems
Risk
Risk society
Abstract in English
In our society, risks and threats reach high coverage levels, as well as unheard scope, through the combination of different risks. To face this situation, it has been developed a security culture, which is characterized by belief on technical rationality and on scientific basis. This culture presents the expert systems as regulating actors, who receive confidence from most of society, and also shows authority in institutional speeches, claiming a status of undoubted and unfailing system. In Brazil, the construction of dams implies a social risk and a high number of related accidents. Some variables for dam collapse risk in "Itaipu Binacional" were analyzed in this work, including ecosystem variables, considering as the main factor the existence and reproduction of golden mussels in the plant reservoir; variables related to critical climatic events, considering that structural calculation for civil construction was based on historical series that do not consider climate changes; and, at least, variables related to terrorism, considering the existence of a supposed suspect local community in the triple border (Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina). From a state-of-art overview on social and human sciences discussion, the similarities, differences and conflicts among "Itaipu Binacional" security speech and public authorities' speeches were analyzed, considering representations of social groups installed in the plant downstream.
 
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Publishing Date
2012-09-25
 
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