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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.18.2016.tde-30082016-121534
Document
Author
Full name
Douglas José da Silva
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2004
Supervisor
Committee
Zaiat, Marcelo (President)
Campos, José Roberto
Foresti, Eugenio
Freire, Denise Maria Guimarães
Olivo, José Eduardo
Title in Portuguese
Tratamento de água residuária com alta concentração de lipídios em reatores anaeróbios e em sistema de reatores combinados, enzimático-biológico
Keywords in Portuguese
Lipídios
Óleos e graxas
Reator anaeróbio horizontal de leito fixo (RAHLF)
Sistema combinado enzimático-biológico
Tratamento anaeróbio de efluente
Abstract in Portuguese
Este trabalho teve por objetivo investigar a degradação de lipídios em três sistemas anaeróbios de tratamento: um reator anaeróbio de fluxo horizontal de leito fixo (RAHLF) , um sistema combinado composto por um reator enzimático de leito expandido invertido (RELI) seguido por um RAHLF e um reator anaeróbio de manta de lodo (UASB). Os sistemas foram monitorados em uma câmara com temperatura controlada a 30,0 ± 0,5°C e alimentados com substrato sintético a base de lipídios, com concentração, em termos de demanda química de oxigênio (DQO) de 8748 ± 711 mg/L e concentração de óleos e graxas de 1820 ± 512 mg/L, O reator RAHLF foi operado com tempo de detenção hidráulica (TDH) de 24 horas por 100 dias e apresentou eficiências médias de remoção de DQO e de lipídios de 98,9 ± 0,4% e 94,9 ± 3,2%, respectivamente. O sistema combinado (reator enzimático / reator anaeróbio) apresentou eficiências médias de remoção de DQO e de lipídios de 99,0 ± 0,3% e 94,2 ± 2,8%, respectivamente, operado com TDH de 30 min no reator enzimático e 24 h no reator microbiológico. Posteriormente, o reator RAHLF foi submetido à diminuição do TDH de 24 para 8 h. As eficiências médias de remoção de DQO e lipídios foram de 87,0 ± 3,2% e 90,5 ± 2,7% verificadas para o menor TDH aplicado (8 h). O modelo cinético baseado em reações paralelas e em série, de primeira ordem, indicaram que a velocidade de reação aumenta com o aumento da velocidade superficial no reator RAHLF. Este comportamento pode ser atribuído à diminuição contínua da resistência à transferência de massa da fase líquida. O reator UASB apresentou baixa eficiência devido à flotação de 85% da manta de lodo granular, após 18 dias de operação. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho permitem concluir que o reator RAHLF pode ser utilizado como unidade única no tratamento de efluentes com alta concentração de lipídios, devido a ter apresentado performance similar à observada no sistema integrado enzimático-anaeróbio.
Title in English
Lipid-rich concentration wastewater treatment in anaerobic reactors in a combined enzymatic-biologic reactors system
Keywords in English
Combined enzymatic-biological system
Horizontal-flow anaerobic immobilized biomass (HAIB) reactor
Lipids
Oils and greases
Wastewater anaerobic treatment
Abstract in English
The aim of this work was the investigation of the lipid degradation in three anaerobic treatment systems: a horizontal-flow anaerobic immobilized biomass (HAIB) reactor, a combined system composed by an inverted expanded-bed enzymatic reactor (EIBE) followed by a HAIB reactor and an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. The systems were monitored in a chamber under controlled temperature of 30 ± 0.5°C and fed with lipid-based synthetic wastewater, with chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 8748 ± 711 mg/L and 1820 ± 512 mg/L of oil and grease concentration. The HAIB reactor was operated with hydraulic detention time (HDI) of 24 hours for 100 days and it presented average COD and lipids removal efficiencies of 98.9 ± 0.4% and 94.9 ± 3.2%, respectively. The combined system (enzymatic/anaerobic reactors) presented COD and lipids removal efficiencies of 99.0 ± 0.3% and 94.2 ± 2.8%, respectively, operating with a HDI of 30 min in the enzymatic reactor and 24 h in the microbiological one. Afterwards, the HAIB reactor was subjected to decreasing HDI values from 24 to 8 h. Average COD and the lipids removal efficiencies of 87.04 ± 3.2% and 90.5 ± 2.7%, respectively, were achieved for the lower HDI applied (8 h). A kinetic model, based on first-order series and parallel reactions, indicated that the lipids reaction rate increased as the liquid superficial velocity was increased in the HAIB reactor, since the liquid-phase mass transfer resistance decreased continuously. The UASB reactor presented a poor performance, presenting flotation of the 85% of the granular sludge bed after 18 days of operation. The results obtained in this work permit the potential indication of HAIB reactor as the sole unit to treat lipid-rich wastewater, since the performance of the HAIB reactor was similar to that observed for the integrated hydrolytic-anaerobic system.
 
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Publishing Date
2016-08-30
 
WARNING: The material described below relates to works resulting from this thesis or dissertation. The contents of these works are the author's responsibility.
  • SILVA, D J, et al. Tratamento de Águas Residuárias com Alta Concentração de Lipídios em Sistema de Reatores Combinados Enzimático/Biológico. In VII Taller y Simposio Latinoamericano Sobre Digestión Anaerobia, Mérida, 2002. Memorias del VII Taller y Simposio Latinoamericano Sobre Digestión Anaerobia., 2002.
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