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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.18.2014.tde-26092014-163556
Document
Author
Full name
Tiago Palladino Delforno
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2014
Supervisor
Committee
Silva, Maria Bernadete Amancio Varesche (President)
Lima, Cláudio Antônio de Andrade
Silva, Silvana de Queiroz
Sivieri, Katia
Zaiat, Marcelo
Title in Portuguese
Degradação de surfactante aniônico em reator EGSB sob condição metanogênica e ferro redutora com água residuária de lavanderia comercial
Keywords in Portuguese
Alquilbenzeno linear sulfonado
DGGE
Ion Torrent
Microrganismos redutores de ferro
Pirosequenciamento
Reator anaeróbio
Abstract in Portuguese
Nesse trabalho avaliaram-se quatro hipóteses sobre a remoção do alquilbenzeno linear sulfonado (LAS) em reator EGSB (expanded granular sludge bed) alimentado ora com água residuária de lavanderia comercial, ora como meio sintético acrescido de LAS Padrão, com e sem suplementação de Fe(III) afluente. Para tanto, em todas as hipóteses utilizou-se reator EGSB (1,4 L) com tempo de detenção hidráulica (TDH) de 36h, condição mesofílica (30ºC) e carga de LAS específica aplicada (CLEA) variando de 1,0 - 2,7 mgLAS.gSTV-1.d-1. DGGE e sequenciamento massivo do gene rRNA 16S (Plataforma 454-Pirosequenciamento e Ion Torrent) foram utilizados para caracterização microbiana. Em relação à Hipótese A avaliou-se o efeito da adaptação prévia da biomassa na remoção do LAS em água residuária. Para tanto, o EGSB-BA (biomassa adaptada) teve uma etapa prévia com LAS padrão e meio sintético (Etapa I), seguida da Etapa II com água residuária; e o EGSB-BNA (biomassa não adaptada) teve etapa única e alimentação diretamente com água residuária. Para a Hipótese B avaliou-se o efeito da suplementação com meio sintético na remoção de LAS em água residuária. Para tanto, o EGSB-Ag.Lav foi alimentado apenas com água residuária e bicarbonato de sódio e duas CLE (Etapa II - 1,0 e Etapa III - 2,7 mg LAS.gSTV-1.d-1). Em relação às Hipóteses C e D, avaliou-se o efeito da suplementação de Fe(III) na remoção de LAS Padrão em meio sintético e LAS em água residuária, respectivamente. A Hipótese A foi refutada uma vez que as remoções de LAS em EGSB-BA-Etapa II (76%) e EGSB-BNA-Etapa I (78%) foram similares (ambas com água residuária). A remoção de LAS foi maior quando foi adicionada água residuária (EGSB-BA-Etapa II-76%) do que com LAS Padrão (EGSB-BA-Etapa I-63%). A Hipótese B foi aceita, uma vez que a alimentação do EGSB apenas com água residuária de lavanderia (CLE 1,0 mg LAS.gSTV-1.d-1) mais bicarbonato de sódio resultou em remoções do surfactante de 93%, ou seja, 15-17% maior que nos reatores suplementados com meio sintético (EGSB-BA Etapa II e EGSB-BNA Etapa I). Na Etapa III verificou-se diminuição da remoção em 30%. A Hipótese C foi aceita uma vez que se notou 20% de aumento na remoção de LAS quando comparado com reator não suplementado com Fe(III) (EGSB-Fe - 84,3% e EGSB-BA Etapa I - 63,5%). A Hipótese D foi refutada, uma vez que embora tenha sido obtida alta remoção de LAS (91,2%), esta não foi acompanhada pela redução férrica. Por meio do DGGE (domínio Bactéria) notou-se estratificação microbiana ao longo do reator na Etapa III (Hipótese B), provavelmente, em função do tamanho do grânulo que variou ao longo do reator. Por meio do sequenciamento massivo identificou-se bactérias semelhantes à Geobacter na amostra proveniente do reator EGSBFe da Hipótese C (17% da abundância relativa), portanto, as condições impostas favoreceram esse gênero. Fato este não observado para o reator EGSB-Fe-Ag.Lav. da Hipótese D. A comparação da análise filogenética das bactérias para os diferentes reatores permitiu identificar gêneros em comum relacionados com a degradação de LAS, a saber: Desulfobulbus, Geobacter, Syntrophorhabdus, Sporomusa, Comamonas, Holophaga, Mycobacterium, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas e Synergistes.
Title in English
Degradation of anionic surfactant in EGSB reactor under methanogenic and iron-reducing conditions with commercial laundry wastewater
Keywords in English
Anaerobic reactor
DGGE
Ion Torrent
Iron reducing microorganisms
Linear alkylbenzene sulphonate
Pyrosequencing
Abstract in English
This study evaluated four hypotheses about the removal of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) in EGSB reactor (expanded granular sludge bed) fed sometimes with commercial laundry wastewater, sometimes with synthetic medium more Standard LAS, with and without Fe(III) influent supplementation. Therefore, in all hypotheses were used an EGSB reactor (1.4 L) with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 36 h, mesophilic condition (30°C) and load specific LAS (CLE) ranging from 1,0 to 2,7 mgLAS.gSTV-1.d-1. DGGE and massive sequencing of 16S rRNA gene (454-pyrosequencing and Ion Torrent platform) were used for microbial characterization. Regarding the Hypothesis A, it was evaluated the effect of biomass pre-adaptation for removal of LAS in wastewater. Then, the EGSBBA (adapted biomass) had a previous step with standard LAS and synthetic medium (Phase I), followed by Stage II with wastewater; and EGSB-BNA (not adapted biomass) had single step and feeding directly with wastewater. Regarding the Hypothesis B, it was evaluated the effect of synthetic medium supplementation in the removal of LAS in wastewater. Then, the EGSB-Ag.Lav was fed only with wastewater and sodium bicarbonate with two CLE (Stage II - 1,0 e Stage III - 2,7 mg LAS.gSTV-1.d-1). Regarding the Hypothesis C and D, it was evaluated the effect of Fe(III) supplementation in the removal of standard LAS and LAS in wastewater, respectively. The Hypothesis A was refuted since the LAS removal in EGSB-BA-Stage II (76%) and EGSB-BNA-Step I (78%) were similar (both with wastewater). The LAS removal was highest when wastewater was added (EGSB-BA-Stage-II 76%) than with standard LAS (EGSB-BAStage- I 63%). The Hypothesis B was accepted, since the feed of the EGSB only with wastewater from laundry (CLE 1,0 mg LAS.gSTV-1.d-1) more sodium bicarbonate resulted in removal of 93% of surfactant, in other words, 15-17% higher than in the reactors supplemented with synthetic medium (EGSB-BA Stage II e EGSB-BNA Stage I). In the Stage III, there was a decrease by 30% of LAS removal. The Hypothesis C was accepted, since there was an increase of 20% in the removal of LAS as compared to unsupplemented reactor with Fe (III) (EGSB-Fe - 84,3% e EGSB-BA Stage I - 63,5%). The Hypothesis D was refuted since although high LAS removal was obtained (91,2%), this was not accompanied by ferric reduction. By means of DGGE (Bacteria domain) was noted a microbial stratification along the reactor in the Stage III (Hypothesis B), probably in function of granule size along the reactor. By means of massive sequencing were identified bacteria similar to Geobacter in the sample from the reactor EGSB-Fe Hypothesis C (relative abundance 17%), therefore, the conditions favored this genre. This fact was not observed in the reactor EGSB-Fe-Ag.Lav. hypothesis D. A comparison of phylogenetic analysis of bacteria for different reactors allowed to identify common genera related to LAS degradation, namely: Desulfobulbus, Geobacter, Syntrophorhabdus, Sporomusa, Comamonas, Holophaga, Mycobacterium, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas and Synergistes.
 
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Tiago_P_Delforno.pdf (4.50 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2014-10-14
 
WARNING: The material described below relates to works resulting from this thesis or dissertation. The contents of these works are the author's responsibility.
  • Delforno, T.P., et al. Effect of biomass adaptation to the degradation of anionic surfactants in laundry wastewater using EGSB reactors [doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2013.11.102]. Bioresource Technology [online], 2014, vol. 154, p. 114-121.
  • Okada, D.Y., et al. Influence of co-substrates in the anaerobic degradation of an anionic surfactant. Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering , 2013, vol. 30, p. 499-506.
  • Delforno, T P, et al. Remoção de surfactante aniônico de água residuária de lavanderia comercial em reator EGSB. In XIX Simpósio Nacional de Bioprocessos, Foz do Iguaçu - Paraná, 2013. XIX SINAFERM., 2013.
  • Delforno, T P, et al. Remoção de surfactante aniônico de água residuária de lavanderia comercial em reator EGSB. In XIX Simpósio Nacional de Bioprocessos, Foz do Iguaçu, 2013. XIX SINAFERM., 2013.
  • Delforno, T P, et al. Removal of anionic surfactant in laundry wastewater in EGSB reactor: effect of biomass adaptation. In 13 World Congress on Anaerobic Digestion - Recovering (bio) Resources for the World, Santiago de Compostela, 2013. Proceedings of 13th World Congress on Anaerobic Digestion., 2013.
  • Okada, D Y, et al. Characterization of the microbial community from two UASB reactors treating laundry wastewater using 454 pyrosequencing. In 13 World Congress on Anaerobic Digestion - Recovering (bio) Resources for the World, Santiago de Compostela, 2013. Proceedings of 13th World Congress on Anaerobic Digestion., 2013.
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