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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.18.2019.tde-23052019-101333
Document
Author
Full name
Kamila Jéssie Sammarro Silva
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Daniel, Luiz Antonio (President)
Achon, Cali Laguna
Medeiros, Raphael Corrêa
Title in Portuguese
Métodos de recuperação e estimativa de viabilidade de cistos de Giardia spp. e oocistos de Cryptosporidium spp. em resíduos do tratamento de água de consumo
Keywords in Portuguese
água de lavagem de filtros
cloreto de polialumínio
iodeto de propídio
lodo de tratamento de água
protozoários
separação imunomagnética
Abstract in Portuguese
Esta pesquisa comparou a incorporação de iodeto de propídio (IP) com a avaliação simultânea de corantes indicativos de danificação em membrana e atividade enzimática (Live/Dead Cell Assay®) para a estimar a viabilidade de cistos de Giardia muris e oocistos de Cryptosporidium parvum. Além disso, foram testados métodos de recuperação de (oo)cistos em amostras de lodo e água de lavagem de filtros (ALF) geradas em escala de bancada, simulando tratamento de água por ciclo completo com decantação. Dentre os métodos estudados para a detecção de G. muris e C. parvum inoculados em amostras de lodo, destacou-se a floculação com sulfato férrico, seguida de separação imunomagnética (IMS). Realizou-se, portanto, ensaio de qualidade analítica com ColorSeedTM, para este método, tendo atendido ao requerido pelo Método 1623.1 da USEPA (2012) para Giardia spp. (32,25%; CV=9,00%), mas não tendo sido suficiente para Cryptostoridium spp. (11,00%; CV=47,67%). O teste com ColorSeedTM em amostras de ALF reproduziu o procedimento de filtração em membrana (FM) com raspagem utilizando Tween® 80 (45°C, 0,1%) seguido de IMS, tendo atendido ao Método 1623.1 para Giardia spp. (13,00%, CV=19,61%), mas não tendo sido suficiente para Cryptostoridium spp. (2,00%; CV=93,54%). Optou-se por este procedimento na avaliação de qualidade analítica, pois o inóculo prévio de suspensões comerciais seguido de recuperação por FM sem IMS superou 100% para C. parvum, devido à utilização de fator de multiplicação. O desempenho do Live/Dead Cell Assay® sobre suspensões comerciais de (oo)cistos foi subjetivo, sobretudo para visualização de organismos enzimaticamente ativos, de modo que optou-se pela inclusão de IP como parâmetro para estimar o efeito dos métodos de recuperação sobre a viabilidade. Em função da baixa recuperação e fluorescência de G. muris, a incorporação de IP foi avaliada apenas em C. parvum. Os resultados reiteraram a dificuldade na recuperação de protozoários em lodo e ALF e o fato de que as particularidades destes procedimentos analíticos podem prejudicar a interpretação de dados de viabilidade.
Title in English
Recovery methods and viability assessment of Giardia spp. e oocistos cysts and Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in water treatment residues
Keywords in English
filter backwash water
immunomagnetic separation
polialuminum chloride
propidium iodide
protozoa
water treatment sludge
Abstract in English
This study compared the incorporation of propidium iodide (PI) with the simultaneous evaluation of dyes that indicate both membrane damage and enzymatic activity (Live/Dead Cell Assay®) to assess the viability of Giardia muris cysts and Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. In addition, methods of recovering protozoan cysts and oocysts from sludge and filter backwash water (FBW) samples generated on bench scale, simulating conventional water treatment with decantation, were tested. Among the studied methods for detection of G. muris and C. parvum spiked into sludge samples, ferric sulphate flocculation followed by immunomagnetic separation (IMS) lead to higher recoveries. An analytical quality assay was therefore carried out with ColorSeedTM having met the USEPA Method 1623.1 (2012) recommendation for Giardia spp. (32.25%, CV=9.00%) but not for Cryptostoridium spp. (11.00%, CV = 47.67%). The quality assay test for FBW samples replicated the membrane filtration (MF) procedure using Tween® 80 (45 °C, 0.1%) followed by IMS, having complied with Method 1623.1 for Giardia spp. (13.00%, CV=19.61%) but again not for Cryptostoridium spp. (2.00%; CV=93.54%). This procedure was chosen for the analytical quality exam, since the previous inoculum of commercial suspensions followed by MF without IMS exceeded 100% recovery for C. parvum, due to the use of a multiplication factor. The Live/Dead Cell Assay® performance on commercial suspensions of cysts and oocysts was subjective, especially for visualizing enzymatically active organisms, thus PI inclusion was chosen as the parameter to estimate the effect of recovery methods on the organisms' viability. Due to the low recovery and poor fluorescence of G. muris, IP inclusion was evaluated only in C. parvum. The results reiterated the difficulty in the recovery of protozoa from sludge and FBW and the possibility of these analytical procedures hinder the interpretation of cysts and oocysts viability.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-06-11
 
WARNING: The material described below relates to works resulting from this thesis or dissertation. The contents of these works are the author's responsibility.
  • SAMMARRO SILVA, K. J.; SABOGAL-PAZ, L. P. Analytical challenges and perspectives of assessing viability of Giardia muris cysts and Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts by live/dead simultaneous staining. Environmental Technology, p. 1â??10, 15 jun. 2020b.
  • SAMMARRO SILVA, K. J.; SABOGAL-PAZ, L. P. Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. (oo)cysts as target-organisms in sanitation and environmental monitoring: A review in microscopy-based viability assays. Water Research, v. 189, p. 116590, 2021.
  • SAMMARRO SILVA, K. J.; SABOGAL-PAZ, L. P. Giardia spp. cysts and Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in drinking water treatment residues: comparison of recovery methods for quantity assessment. Environmental Technology, v. 0, n. 0, p. 1â??10, 9 fev. 2020a.
  • SILVA, K. J. S.; SABOGAL-PAZ, L. P. Ferric sulphate flocculation as a concentration method for Giardia and Cryptosporidium in filter backwash water . Water Practice and Technology, v. 16, n. 2, p. 557â??565, 2021.
  • SABOGAL-PAZ, L. P. ; SILVA, K. J. S. . Tratabilidade de água de manancial superficial com cloreto de polialumínio (PAC): diagrama de coagulação e seleção de parâmetros operacionais.. In: 30º Congresso Brasileiro de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental, 2019, Natal. 30º Congresso Brasileiro de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental, 2019.
  • SILVA, K. J. S.; SABOGAL-PAZ, L. P. . Oocyst recovery methods in water treatment sludge samples. In: The 16th IWA Leading Edge Conference on Water and Wastewater Technologies, 2019, Edimburgo. The 16th IWA Leading Edge Conference on Water and Wastewater Technologies, 2019.
  • SILVA, K. J. S.; SABOGAL-PAZ, L. P. . Response Surface Methodology (RSM) Applied For Optimizing Coagulation By Polyaluminium Chloride In Surface Water. In: XXXVII Congreso Interamericano virtual de Ingeniería Sanitaria y Ambiental de AIDIS, 2021, Buenos Aires.
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