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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.18.2012.tde-17102012-145356
Document
Author
Full name
Filipe Vasconcelos Ferreira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Silva, Maria Bernadete Amancio Varesche (President)
Buzzini, Andréa Paula
Tommaso, Giovana
Title in Portuguese
Influência do co-substrato na remoção de sabão em pó de uso doméstico e na diversidade microbiana de reator anaeróbio de leito fluidificado
Keywords in Portuguese
Areia
Co-substratos
DGGE
Etanol
Gene RNAr 16S
RALF
Rhodocyclaceae
Sacarose
Abstract in Portuguese
O alquilbenzeno linear sulfonado (LAS), principal componente na formulação de detergentes e outros agentes de limpeza, é despejado constantemente em corpos de água em função da precariedade dos sistemas de tratamento de origem doméstica em países em desenvolvimento, como o Brasil. A principal motivação do presente estudo foi verificar a remoção do sabão em pó com o emprego de diferentes co-substratos em reator anaeróbio de leito fluidificado (RALF). O RALF foi preenchido com areia como material suporte e operado com tempo de detenção hidráulica (TDH) de 15 horas durante 247 dias. Substrato sintético simulando esgoto sanitário foi utilizado, cuja composição incluía solução de sais, bicarbonato de sódio, sabão em pó comercial, extrato de levedura e co-substratos como sacarose e/ou etanol. A operação do reator foi dividida em cinco fases: (1) imobilização da biomassa em circuito fechado; (2) etapa I com sacarose e etanol (50/50%), sem adição de sabão em pó e circuito aberto; (3) etapa II com sacarose e etanol (50/50%) e 6,8 ± 2,1 mg/L de LAS em circuito aberto; (4) etapa III com sacarose e etanol (50/50%) e 14,3 ± 1,5 mg/L de LAS em circuito aberto; (5) etapa IV com apenas sacarose como co-substrato e 16,4 ± 2,5 mg/L de LAS em circuito aberto. Para todas as etapas, obteve-se remoção média de DQO superior a 78 ± 8,4%, para 590,2 ± 76,2 mg/L afluente. Houve aumento de eficiência de remoção com acréscimo de sabão em pó em torno de 12% entre a etapa I e as demais etapas; estas juntas apresentaram média de 597,7 ± 83,1 mg/L de DQO afluente. A remoção média de LAS foi de 37,7 ± 13,7% para 12,4 ± 8,4 mg/L afluente. Por meio da análise estatística não foi possível determinar o nível de importância dos co-substratos na remoção de DQO e LAS. Verificou-se remoção de 39,4% de LAS, sendo 30,6% referente à degradação biológica e 8,8% à adsorção. Populações microbianas diferentes foram observadas nas diferentes etapas por meio de análise de DGGE. Microrganismos pertencentes aos filos Proteobacteria (72%), Acidobacteria (3%), Synergistetes (3%), Bacteroidetes (6,3%) e Firmicutes (6,3%) foram identificados no biofilme do material suporte da última etapa. A maioria das seqüências foi relacionada à família Rhodocyclaceae cujos membros são capazes de degradar compostos aromáticos.
Title in English
Verification of influence of co-substrate in household detergent removal and microbial diversity in anaerobic fluidized bed biofilm reactor
Keywords in English
AFBBR
Co-substrates
DGGE
Ethanol
Gene RNAr 16S
Rhodocyclaceae
Sand
Sucrose
Abstract in English
Linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS), main component in detergent formulation and others clean products, is constantly released in aquatic environment in face of precarious domestic wastewater treatment facilities presents in developing countries like Brazil. The main reason of this study was to verify the powder soap removal through the use of different co-substrates in anaerobic fluidized bed biological reactor (AFBBR). The AFBBR was filled with sand as support material and operated with 15 hours of hydraulic time retention (HTR) over 247 days. It was utilized synthetic sewage which composition included salt solution, sodium bicarbonate, commercial powder soap, yeast extract and co-substrate as sucrose and/or ethanol. The operation of reactor was divided in following steps: (1) biomass immobilization phase in close circuit; (2) stage I with sucrose and ethanol (50/50%) without powder soap addition in open circuit; (3) stage II with sucrose and ethanol (50/50%) and 6,8 ± 2,1 mg/L of LAS in open circuit; (4) stage III with sucrose and ethanol (50/50%) and 14,3 ± 1,5 mg/L of LAS in open circuit; and (5) stage IV with only sucrose as co-substrate and 16,4 ± 2,5 mg/L of LAS in open circuit. For all stages, it was obtained up 78 ± 8,4% average COD removal with 590,2 ± 76,2 mg/L influent. There was a increase of COD removal around 12% with powder soap addition among stage I and following stages, these last ones, together, had 597,7 ± 83,1 mg/L of average COD influent. The LAS removal was 37,7 ± 13,7% with 12,4 ± 8,4 mg/L of LAS influent. Using statistic analysis, it is not possible to define the level of co-substrates importance in COD and LAS removal. Through mass balance, it was verified 39,4% of LAS removal, with 30,6% from biological degradation and 8,8% from adsorption. Diverse microbial populations were observed from different stages by DGGE analysis. It was identified microorganisms relating to Proteobacteria (72%), Acidobacteria (3%), Synergistetes (3%), Bacteroidetes (6,3%) and Firmicutes (6,3%) phila in biomass support material from last stage. Most of sequences were closed to Rhodocyclaceae family which members are capable to degrade aromatic compounds.
 
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FilipeVasconcelos.pdf (2.42 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2012-10-23
 
WARNING: The material described below relates to works resulting from this thesis or dissertation. The contents of these works are the author's responsibility.
  • Ferreira, F V, et al. Influence of co-substrate in household surfactant removal using anaerobic fluidized bed biological reactor - a comparative study. In X Latin American Workshop and Symposium on Anaerobic Digestion, Ouro preto - MG, 2011. X DAAL., 2011.
  • Ferreira, F V, et al. The role of co-substrates in power detergent removal and microbial diversity in anaerobic fluidized bed reactor. In 13 World Congress on Anaerobic Digestion - Recovering (bio) Resources for the World, Santiago de Compostela, 2013. Proceedings of 13th World Congress on Anaerobic Digestion., 2013.
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