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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.18.2016.tde-15032016-134215
Document
Author
Full name
Bruna Soares Fernandes
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2005
Supervisor
Committee
Zaiat, Marcelo (President)
Foresti, Eugenio
Nardi, Ivana Ribeiro de
Title in Portuguese
Influência da origem do inóculo e da adição de sulfato sobre a degradação de BTX em reator anaeróbio horizontal de leito fixo
Keywords in Portuguese
Aceptores de elétrons metanogênese
BTX
Ferro (III)
Origem do inóculo
RAHLF
Redução de sulfato
Abstract in Portuguese
O desenvolvimento industrial tem, como conseqüência, a maior geração de resíduos, muitos deles tóxicos aos seres vivos. Dentre esses, benzeno, tolueno e xilenos (BTX), derivados do petróleo, estão contaminando aqüíferos por acidentes no transporte e no armazenamento. Por esse motivo, diversas pesquisas têm sido realizadas buscando formas de biodegradar BTX. Esses trabalhos indicam que os principais fatores que podem influenciar a degradação biológica dos BTX são temperatura, pH, disponibilidade de nutrientes, concentração de tóxicos e diversidade de microrganismos. Visando contribuir com o estudo desses fatores, este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência do inóculo e de aceptores de elétrons no processo de degradação anaeróbia de BTX. Neste trabalho três inóculos foram pesquisados: 1- biomassa proveniente de reator anteriormente submetido à mistura de gasolina comercial e água; 2- biomassa proveniente de reator da estação de tratamento de esgoto da USP - São Carlos; 3- biomassa proveniente de reator tratando água residuária de abatedouro de aves. Os resultados obtidos comprovaram que a origem do inóculo foi fundamental na degradação anaeróbia de BTX, pois os inóculos apresentaram diferentes períodos de adaptação e porcentagens de degradação do tóxico. Depois de 93 dias de operação os inóculos 1, 2 e 3 apresentaram eficiência de remoção de BTX da ordem de 57%, 83% e 90%, respectivamente. O reator com o inóculo 3 foi submetido a condições metanogênica, sulfetogênica com presença e ausência de Ferro (III). Os resultados demonstraram que a degradação dos BTX foi influenciada pelas diferentes condições adotadas. A adição de Fe (III) melhorou a degradação dos BTX, do reator sob condições sulfetogênicas.
Title in English
Influence of different inoculum sources and sulphate addition on anaerobic BTX degradation in a packed-bed reactor
Keywords in English
BTX
Electron acceptor
Fe (III)
HAIB reactor
Inoculum sources
Methanogenesis
Packed-bed reactor
Sulfate reduction
Abstract in English
The industrial development has increased the generation of residues. Some of them are toxics and impact the environment. Benzene, toluene and xylenes (BTX), petroleum sub products, are examples of such toxic compounds. These compounds may contaminate aquifers as a result of accidents during transportation or of leakages of storage tanks. Several factors are reported to affect the biodegradation of BTX, such as: temperature, pH, availability of nutrients, concentration of toxics and diversity of microorganisms. This research aimed to study some of these factors, such as different inoculum sources and different electrons acceptors during BTX degradation processes in an horizontal-flow anaerobic immobilized biomass (HAIB) reactor. In this research three inocula were studied: 1- an adapted microbial community for BTX degradation; 2 - microorganisms collected from a pilot-scale UASB reactor treating domestic wastewater; and 3 - Microorganisms collected from an UASB treating poultry slaughterhouse industry wastewater. The results have shown that the inoculum sources were fundamental to the adaptation period for the toxic biodegradation, producing different BTX removal efficiencies. After 93 days of operation, the inocula 1, 2 and 3 showed BTX removal efficiency of 57, 83 and 90%, respectively. The inoculum 3 was submitted to conditions of methanogesis and sulfetogenesis in the presence and absence of Fe (III). The results demonstrated that BTX degradation was affected by the different conditions adopted, showing that the addition of Fe (III) improved biodegradation in the reactor under sulfate reduction condition.
 
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Publishing Date
2016-03-21
 
WARNING: The material described below relates to works resulting from this thesis or dissertation. The contents of these works are the author's responsibility.
  • FERNANDES, B S, et al. Influence of the Addition of Sulphate and Ferric Ions in a Methanogenic Anaerobic Packed-Bed Reactor Treating Gasoline-Contaminated Water [doi:10.2166/wst.2006.496]. Water Science and Technology [online], 2006, vol. 54, nº 2, p. 135-141.
  • RIBEIRO, ROGERS, et al. BTEX removal in a horizontal-flow anaerobic immobilized biomass reactor under denitrifying conditions [doi:10.1007/s10532-012-9585-2]. Biodegradation (Dordrecht) [online], 2013, vol. 24, p. 269-278.
  • FERNANDES, B S, et al. Influence of the Addition of Sulphate and Ferric Ions in a Methanogenic Anaerobic Packed-Bed Reactor Treating Gasoline-Contaminated Water. In VIII Taller y Simposio Latinoamericano Sobre Digestión Anaerobia, Punta del Este, 2005. Memorias del VIII Taller y Simposio Latinoamericano Sobre Digestión Anaerobia., 2005.
  • FERNANDES, B S, et al. The Influence of Different Inoculum Sources on Anaerobic BTX Defradation in a Packed-Bed Reactor. In First International Meeting on Environmental Biotechnology and Engineering, Cidade do México, 2004. Proceedings of the First International Meeting on Environmental Biotechnology and Engineering. : CD ROM, 2004.
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