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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.18.2009.tde-14042010-193819
Document
Author
Full name
Camila Tolledo Santos
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2009
Supervisor
Committee
Di Bernardo, Luiz (President)
Moruzzi, Rodrigo Braga
Vieira, Eny Maria
Title in Portuguese
Influência do tamanho molecular aparente de substâncias húmicas aquáticas na eficiência da coagulação por hidroxicloreto de alumínio
Keywords in Portuguese
Coagulação
Hidroxicloreto de alumínio
Remoção de cor
Substâncias húmicas aquáticas
Tamanho molecular aparente
Abstract in Portuguese
Estações de tratamento de água que tratam águas com cor elevada, causada pela presença de substâncias húmicas, e baixa turbidez têm apresentado problemas operacionais, principalmente na coagulação. As substâncias húmicas aquáticas (SHA) apresentam moléculas de massa molecular variada, grande parte entre 500 Da e 10 kDa. Por esse motivo, as condições de coagulação (tipo e dosagem de coagulante e pH de coagulação) podem ser totalmente distintas no tratamento de águas com a mesma coloração, devido à presença de SHA com propriedades estruturais diferentes, conforme já observado em pesquisas recentes. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho estudou a influência do tamanho molecular aparente das SHA na coagulação por hidroxicloreto de alumínio e fez a comparação dos custos entre este coagulante e dois estudados anteriormente - sulfato de alumínio e cloreto férrico - para mesma eficiência de remoção de cor. Para isso, realizaram-se ensaios de coagulação seguida de filtração em jarteste com quatro águas de estudo preparadas com frações de diferentes tamanhos moleculares aparentes de SHA, com cor verdadeira de 100 uH e turbidez de 5,0 uT. A partir dos resultados encontrados, pode-se afirmar que há influência do tamanho molecular aparente de diferentes frações de substâncias húmicas aquáticas na coagulação por hidroxicloreto de alumínio. Observou-se a tendência de maior consumo de coagulante para a coagulação de frações de SHA de menores tamanhos moleculares aparentes, em uma faixa determinada de pH. Em relação aos custos, o cloreto férrico foi o coagulante que apresentou menor valor para tratamento (por filtração direta) de águas com elevada cor aparente devida a presença de SHA.
Title in English
Influence of apparent molecular size from aquatic humic substances in the efficiency of coagulation by aluminum hydroxychloride
Keywords in English
Aluminum hidroxychloride
Apparent molecular size
Aquatic humic substances
Coagulation
Color removal
Abstract in English
The water treatment plants that treat waters with high brown color caused by the presence of humic substances, and low turbidity have been presenting operational problems, mostly in the coagulation. The aquatic humic substances (AHS) present molecules of different molecular mass, most part between 500 Da and 10 kDa. Therefore, the coagulation terms (coagulant type and dosage and coagulation pH) can be totally distinct in waters treatment with the same coloration, due to the presence of AHS with different structural properties, as already observed in recent researches. In this context, the present work presented the influence of AHS's apparent molecular size in the coagulation for aluminum hydroxychloride and did the costs comparison between this coagulant and two studied previously - aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride - for same efficiency of the color removal. For that, it accomplished coagulation rehearsals followed by filtration in jar-test with four waters of study prepared with fractions of different AHS's apparent molecular sizes, with true color of 100 uH and turbidity of 5.0 uT. From the found results, it can affirm that there is influence of the apparent molecular size of different fractions from aquatic humic substances in the coagulation for aluminum hydroxychloride. The larger coagulant consumption tendency was observed for the AHS's fractions coagulation of smaller apparent molecular sizes, in a range determined by pH. Regarding the costs, the ferric chloride was the coagulant that presented smaller value for treatment (for direct filtration) of waters with high brown apparent color due the presence of AHS.
 
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Publishing Date
2010-04-23
 
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