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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.18.2012.tde-08012013-091703
Document
Author
Full name
Rogerio Silveira Vilela
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Damianovic, Márcia Helena Rissato Zamariolli (President)
Foresti, Eugenio
Silva, Ariovaldo José da
Title in Portuguese
Remoção de matéria orgânica de águas residuárias com elevada concentração de sulfato pelas vias sulfetogênica e metanogênica combinadas
Keywords in Portuguese
Metanogênese
Processos anaeróbios combinados
Reator anaeróbio
Relação DQO/sulfato
Sulfetogênese
Tratamento biológico
Abstract in Portuguese
A utilização da tecnologia anaeróbia para tratamento de águas residuárias contendo sulfato foi considerada inadequada até o final da década de 1980, principalmente pela geração de odor desagradável, potencial corrosivo e pela instabilidade causada aos organismos envolvidos no processo de degradação de matéria orgânica. Entretanto, a remoção simultânea e estável de matéria orgânica e sulfato observado em reatores anaeróbios tem incentivado estudos para compreensão e controle do processo. No entanto, ainda existem lacunas sobre a interação das rotas metabólicas para remoção de matéria orgânica e sulfato combinadamente. Diante dessa problemática este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a remoção de matéria orgânica e redução de sulfato presentes em água residuária sintética pelas vias metanogênica e sulfetogênica combinadas em um reator anaeróbio horizontal de leito fixo com biomassa imobilizada, operado por longo período de tempo, utilizando o etanol como doador de elétrons. Seis fases distintas com diferentes concentrações de sulfato e valor fixo de concentração de matéria orgânica foram adotadas, diminuindo gradativamente a relação DQO/sulfato. O desempenho do reator foi acompanhado por análises físico química do afluente e efluente. A cada troca de fase procedeu-se perfil de concentrações de DQO, sulfato e sulfeto ao longo do reator. Os resultados apontaram que as variações da concentração de sulfato e da relação DQO/sulfato impostas, acarretaram diferenças no desempenho do reator. A degradação da matéria orgânica e remoção de sulfato foram mais eficientes (95,7% e 93,6%, respectivamente) quando a relação DQO/sulfato esteve entre 3 e 1,8. A alta eficiência do reator na remoção de DQO e redução sulfato foram associadas ao sintrofismo e sinergia dos organismos envolvidos na degradação simultânea de DQO e sulfato. A avaliação de relações DQO/sulfato variando de 0,75 a 12,5, ou seja, abaixo e acima das estequiometricamente, evidenciou que as relações de 12,5 e 7,5 favoreceram a metanogênese, enquanto para relações iguais ou menores que 1,0, a sulfetogênese foi uma via importante para remoção de matéria orgânica, durante a redução do sulfato a sulfeto. Durante as fases com DQO/sulfato menor que 1,0, a sulfetogênese foi mantida com eficiência acima de 40%.
Title in English
Organic matter removal from wastewater with high sulphate concentration by sulphidogenic and methanogenic combined pathways
Keywords in English
Anaerobic reactor
Anaerobic technology
Biologic treatment
COD/sulphate ratio
Methanogenisis
Sulphidogenisis
Abstract in English
Recently (15 - 10 years ago) the simultaneous and stable organic matter removal and biological sulphate reduction from sulphate-rich wastewater in anaerobic reactors has been observed, encouraging studies for understanding and process control. There are gaps on the knowledge of reactors treating wastewater with different COD/sulphate ratio, combining organic matter removal and biological sulphate reduction. This study aimed to evaluate the simultaneous organic matter removal and biological sulphate reduction present in synthetic wastewater by methanogenic and sulphidogenic combined pathways in a horizontal-flow anaerobic immobilized biomass reactor, operated for a long-term, using the ethanol as electron donor. Six distinct stages were used, with fixed organic matter concentration and different sulphate concentration, gradually decreasing COD/sulphate ratio. The stages 1 and 2 were stages of adaptation to sulphidogenic and the stages 3, 4, 5 and 6 were operation reactor stages. The reactor performance was observed by physical and chemical assays of influent and effluent parameters like pH, sulphate, COD and total alkalinity, sulphide and organic volatile acids only in the effluent. In addition the biological MPN technique was used for the inoculum and final stage for the reactor operation to estimate the number of organisms cells involved in the degradation of the compounds. Profile concentrations of COD, sulphate and sulphide along the reactor were taken. The results has been indicated that imposed variations sulphate concentration and the COD/sulphate ratio, results in difference reactor performance. The organic matter removal by methanogenic and sulphidogenic combined pathways (associated biological sulphate reduction) was efficient (95.7% e 93.6%, respectively) when COD/sulphate ratio was between 3 and 1.8. These high efficiencies obtained for sulphate reduction and organic matter removal at different COD/sulphate ratios were attributed to the intense syntrophism and synergy between to organisms involved in the organic matter removal and biological sulphate reduction. The analyses of the COD/sulphate ratio from 0.75-12.5, below and above the stoichiometrically determined for the degradation of the organic matter in a sulphidogenic pathway, pointed that highest removal efficiency of sulphate was obtained when the COD/sulphate ratio was close to 3. During the stage with COD/sulphate ratio less than 1.0, the sulphidogenisis was maintained with efficiency above 40%.
 
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VilelaRogerio.pdf (2.91 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2013-01-14
 
WARNING: The material described below relates to works resulting from this thesis or dissertation. The contents of these works are the author's responsibility.
  • VILELA, R. S., DAMIANOVIC, M. H. R. Z., and FORESTI, E. Biological organic matter removal and sulfate reduction from sulfate rich wastewater in horizontal-flow anaerobic immobilized biomass (HAIB) reactor. In International Conference 13th World Congress on Anaerobic Digestion, Recovering (bio) Resources for the World, Santiago de Compostela, 2013. International Conference 13th World Congress on Anaerobic Digestion, Recovering (bio) Resources for the World., 2013. Abstract.
  • VILELA, R. S., DAMIANOVIC, M. H. R. Z., and FORESTI, E. Organic matter removal from wastewater with hight concentration sulfodogenic and methanogenic combined pathway. In International Conference 13th World Congress on Anaerobic Digestion, Recovering (bio) Resources for the World, Santiago de Compostela, 2013. International Conference 13th World Congress on Anaerobic Digestion, Recovering (bio) Resources for the World., 2013.
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