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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.18.2011.tde-01092011-162845
Document
Author
Full name
Michael Barbosa Viana
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Carlos, 2011
Supervisor
Committee
Santaella, Sandra Tedde (President)
Kato, Mario Takayuki
Silva, Edson Luiz
Title in Portuguese
Produção de biogás a partir de glicerol oriundo de biodiesel
Keywords in Portuguese
Biocombustíveis
Digestão anaeróbia
Glicerina
Reator UASB
Abstract in Portuguese
Com o aumento da produção de biodiesel para atender à legislação brasileira, está ocorrendo um aumento considerável na geração de glicerol, um resíduo líquido contendo cerca de 46 g'CL POT.-'/L e com elevada concentração de matéria orgânica (DQO média de 1.260 g/L). Apesar de ser bastante utilizado na indústria química, o teor de impurezas do glicerol oriundo de biodiesel limita o seu processamento industrial. Buscando agregar valor à este resíduo, utilizou-se um reator anaeróbio de manta de lodo e fluxo ascendente (UASB Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket), em escala de laboratório (14,85 L de volume útil), para produzir metano visando geração de energia, tendo o glicerol residual como única fonte de substrato. Este glicerol residual foi obtido a partir da transesterificação de uma mistura de óleos de algodão e soja (2:3, v/v) em uma usina de biodiesel pertencente à Petrobrás S.A. Durante a operação, a COV foi aumentada gradualmente de 2,0 a 10,0 kgDQO/'M POT.3'.d e a diluição de glicerol residual no afluente foi reduzida de 1:1.500 até 1:5. O reator UASB foi capaz de remover, em média, 97,5% de matéria orgânica, apresentando 59% de 'CH IND.4' no biogás, e relação AGV/Alc'H'CO IND.3'POT.-' abaixo de 0,3, mesmo com 14 g'CL POT.-'/L no interior do sistema. No entanto, foi necessário adicionar nutrientes em concentrações adequadas para evitar que o sistema entrasse em colapso. Os ensaios de toxicidade mostraram que o glicerol residual não é tóxico ao lodo anaeróbio, mas apresenta uma limitação inicial da metanogênese. O teste de biodegradabilidade anaeróbia indicou que o glicerol residual foi 65,9% biodegradável e o potencial de produção de metano alcançou 0,220 'M POT.3'CH IND.4'/kg Glicerol.
Title in English
Biogas production from glycerol generated on biodiesel industry
Keywords in English
Anaerobic digestion
Biofuels
Glycerin
UASB reactor
Abstract in English
The Brazilian legislation demands the use of biodiesel mixed with diesel in an increasing rate. This raise on biodiesel production implies also on an increase on generation of glycerol, which is a liquid or semi-solid waste with high concentration of salts (approximately 46.1 g'CL POT.-'/L) and organic matter (1260 gCOD/L in average). Despite being widely used in chemical industry, the residual glycerol contains impurities that limit its industrial processing. In order to add value to this residue, an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB) at laboratory scale (14.85 L of working volume), fed with glycerol generated on biodiesel industry, was used to produce biogas, which can be used for power generation via methane. This wasted glycerin was produced by the transesterification process of a mixture of the cottonseed oil and soybean oil (2:3, v:v) in a Petrobras S/A biodiesel plant. During operation, the organic loading rate (OLR) was gradually increased from 2.0 to 10.0 kgCOD/'M POT.3'.d., and the dilution of residual glycerol in the influent was reduced from 1:1500 to 1:5. The UASB reactor was able to remove 97.5% of the organic matter, producing biogas with 59% of 'CH IND.4', and VFA/Alk'H'CO IND.3'POT.-' ratio below 0.3, even with a very high concentration of chloride in the bulk liquid (14 g'CL POT.-'/L). However, it was necessary to add nutrients in adequate concentrations to prevent the system from collapsing. The toxicity tests showed that the residual glycerol used in the research was not toxic to the anaerobic sludge. The anaerobic biodegradability test indicated that the residual glycerol was 65.9% biodegradable and the biochemical methane production potential was 0.220 'M POT.3'CH IND.4'/kg Glycerol.
 
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Michael_Viana.pdf (1.63 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2011-09-05
 
WARNING: The material described below relates to works resulting from this thesis or dissertation. The contents of these works are the author's responsibility.
  • VIANA, Michael, et al. Anaerobic biodegradability, methane production potential andtoxicity of the glycerol generated... In Oficina e Seminário Latino Americano de Digestão Anaeróbia (DAAL) [online], 10, Ouro Preto, 2011. Ouro Preto : Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, 2011. [acesso 2011-11-28]. Disponível em : <http://www.desa.ufmg.br/daal2011/busca>
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