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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2020.tde-21022020-134528
Document
Author
Full name
Marília Pereira Graner
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Tumas, Vitor (President)
Bosaipo, Nayanne Beckmann
Moriguti, Julio Cesar
Sobreira, Claudia Ferreira da Rosa
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação da qualidade de vida de pacientes com tremor essencial e tremor essencial plus atendidos no Hospital das Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto
Keywords in Portuguese
Ansiedade
Depressão
Qualidade De Vida
QUEST
Tremor essencial
Tremor essencial plus
Abstract in Portuguese
Tremor essencial é o distúrbio de movimento mais comum na população geral. A qualidade de vida dos pacientes portadores dessa condição pode estar comprometida por diversas razões, dentre elas, o constrangimento social, a impossibilidade de realizar tarefas específicas devido ao tremor, a ocorrência concomitante de depressão ou ansiedade e, de acordo com alguns estudos, a coocorrência de disfunções cognitivas. Apesar disso, poucos estudos abordam de forma específica a qualidade de vida de pacientes diagnosticados com tremor essencial, sendo que a maior parte dos deles inclui exclusivamente pacientes em programação cirúrgica para tratamento do tremor, ou seja, aqueles que apresentam manifestações clínicas mais graves e incapacitantes. Objetivos: Avaliar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes com diagnóstico de tremor essencial e tremor essencial plus atendidos no Ambulatório de Distúrbios do Movimento do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMRPUSP), por meio de escalas genéricas e da análise clinimétrica da versão brasileira do QUEST (Quality of Life in Essential Tremor Questionnaire). Casuística e Métodos: Estudo transversal, descritivo e analítico, no qual foram incluídos pacientes com tremor essencial e tremor essencial plus. O estudo teve como primeira etapa a análise descritiva transversal dos aspectos clínicos dos casos de tremor em seguimento no ambulatório de distúrbios do movimento (HCFMRP-USP). A amostra foi avaliada por meio de um protocolo clínico em que constava a pesquisa de aspectos demográficos e clínicos relacionados ao tremor (idade de início e instalação dos sintomas, evolução do quadro e resposta aos tratamentos implementados), bem como escalas de avaliação quanto à gravidade do tremor e quanto ao seu impacto funcional e sobre a qualidade de vida: escala para tremores de Fahn-Tolosa-Marin, questionário do copo, escala EQ-5D de qualidade de vida, inventário de depressão de Beck (BDI-II), inventário de ansiedade de Beck (BAI) e versão brasileira do questionário de qualidade de vida no tremor essencial (Quality of Life in Essential Tremor Questionnaire - QUEST). Resultados: Foram avaliados 122 pacientes e, após aplicados os critérios de exclusão, a amostra foi composta por 65 pacientes com tremor essencial ou tremor essencial plus. A versão brasileira do QUEST não apresentou efeitos solo ou teto para QUEST-SI, houve excelente consistência interna, com alfa de Cronbach igual a 0,933 e correlação item-total corrigida superior a 0,30 para 27 dos 30 itens que compõem o questionário, bem como validade de construto corroborada por forte correlação entre QUEST-SI e BAI (rS: 0,73 p<0,001), QUEST-SI e BDI-II (rS: 0,65 p<0,001) e QUEST-SI e QUEST-QV (rS: -0,61, p<0,001). Os principais determinantes para qualidade de vida foram analisados por regressão linear múltipla passo-a-passo (stepwise regression analysis), tendo QUEST-SI como variável dependente e, como resultado, foi obtido um modelo com dois itens: 1) os escores da BAI, e 2) os escores da parte C da escala FTM. O primeiro item seria responsável por 58% da variação nos escores da QUEST-SI e a adição do segundo item aumentaria esse índice para 68%. O teste de Mann-Whitney (p<0,05) demonstrou diferenças significativas entre os pacientes comtremor essencial e com tremor essencial plus, sendo que os pacientes com tremor essencial plus apresentavam idade mais avançada (0,045), escores mais altos no BAI (p=0,025) e no BDI-II (p=0,014) e escores mais altos no questionário do copo (p=0,006), FTM - parte A (p<0,0001), FTM - parte B (p=0,001), FTM - parte C (p=0,003) e FTM - total (p<0,0001). Além disso, os pacientes com tremor essencial plus também apresentaram maiores escores no QUEST-SI (p=0,016) e nos domínios 'hobbies/lazer' (p=0,048) e 'psicossocial' (p=0,022) que compõem o QUEST. Conclusões: a versão em português do QUEST adaptada para a população brasileira constitui-se em instrumento válido para avaliar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes com tremor essencial, tendo apresentado aceitabilidade satisfatória e excelente consistência interna. A gravidade do tremor e a presença de sintomas ansiosos foram consideradas como principais determinantes para qualidade de vida na amostra analisada. Além disso, a subdivisão conceitual proposta pela MDS entre tremor essencial e tremor essencial plus demonstrou relevância no que tange aos diferentes aspectos sociodemográficos e clínicos que caracterizam cada grupo e à constatação de que pacientes com tremor essencial plus apresentam pior qualidade de vida quando comparados àqueles com tremor essencial.
Title in English
Evaluation of the quality of life of patients with essential tremor and essencial tremor plus treated at Hospital das Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto
Keywords in English
Anxiety
Depression
Essential tremor
Essential tremor plus
Quality of life
QUEST
Abstract in English
Essential tremor is the most common movement disorder in the general population. The quality of life of patients with this condition may be compromised for several reasons, including social embarrassment, the impossibility of performing specific tasks due to tremor, the concomitant occurrence of depression or anxiety and, according to some studies, co-occurrence of cognitive dysfunctions. Despite this, few studies specifically address the quality of life of patients diagnosed with essential tremor and most studies exclusively include patients in surgical scheduling for tremor treatment, that is, those who present clinical manifestations of the disease that are generally more severe and disabling. Objectives: To evaluate the quality of life of patients diagnosed with essential tremor and essential tremor plus attended at the ambulatory of movement disorders of the Hospital of Clínics of the Medical School of Ribeirão Preto, University os São Paulo (HCMSRP-USP), through the use of generic scales and the clinimetric analysis of Brazilian version of QUEST (Quality of Life in Essential Tremor Questionnaire. Casuistic and Methods: This was a crosssectional, descriptive and analytical study, in which patients with essential tremor and essential tremor were treated at the Extrapyramidal Diseases Outpatient Clinic (AEXP) HCMSRP-USP. The first step was the cross - sectional descriptive analysis of the clinical aspects of tremor cases followed at the outpatient clinic. Inclusion criteria established were: patients with a diagnosis of essential tremor or essential tremor plus aged over 18 years, with no evident signs of parkinsonism (MDS-UPDRS III) and who were attending ambulatory disorders of the. Exclusion criteria for the study were: patients who did not accept or did not sign the consent form, patients who had any significant clinical limitation at the time of evaluation or patients with dementia. The sample was evaluated by means of a clinical protocol that included the study of demographic and clinical aspects related to tremor (age of onset of symptoms, installation and evolution of the condition as well as response to treatments implemented) as well as severity assessment scales of the tremor and its functional impact and quality of life: Fahn-Tolosa-Marin tremor scale, cup questionnaire, EQ-5D quality of life scale, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), inventory (BAI) and the Brazilian version of the Quality of Life in Essential Tremor Questionnaire (QUEST) questionnaire. Results: One hundred twenty two patients were summoned and, after applying the exclusion criteria, the sample consisted of 65 patients with essential tremor or essential tremor plus. The Brazilian version of the QUEST did not show a soil or ceiling effect for QUEST- SI, there was excellent internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha equal to 0.933 and a corrected item- total correlation higher than 0.30 for 27 of the 30 items that make up the questionnaire as well (rS: 0.65 p<0.001), and QUEST-SI and QUEST-QV (rS: 0.73 p<0.001), as a construct validity corroborated by a strong correlation between QUEST-SI and BAI (rS: -0.61, p<0.001). The main determinants for quality of life were analyzed by stepwise regression analysis with QUEST-SI as dependent variable and, as a result, a model with two items was obtained: 1) the BAI scores, and 2) the scores of part C of the FTM scale. The first item would be responsible for 58% of the variation in theQUEST-SI scores and the addition of the second item would increase this index to 68%. The Mann-Whitney test (p <0.05) showed significant differences between patients with essential tremor and with essential tremor plus, with patients with essential tremor plus being older (0.045), with higher BAI scores (p=0.025) and BDI-II (p=0.014) and higher scores in the cup questionnaire (p=0.006), FTM-part A (p<0.0001), FTM-part B (p=0.001), FTM - part C (p=0.003) and total FTM (p<0.0001). In addition, patients with essential tremor plus also had higher scores on the QUESTSI (p=0.016) and on the 'hobbies / leisure' (p=0.048) and 'psychosocial' domains (p=0.022). Conclusions: The Portuguese version of the QUEST adapted to the Brazilian population constitutes a valid instrument to evaluate the quality of life of patients with essential tremor, presenting satisfactory acceptability and excellent internal consistency. The severity of the tremor and the presence of anxious symptoms were considered as the main determinants of quality of life in the analyzed sample. In addition, the conceptual subdivision proposed by MDS between essential tremor and essential tremor plus demonstrated relevance with regard to the different socio-demographic and clinical aspects that characterize each group and the finding that patients with essential tremor plus presented worse quality of life when compared to patients with essential tremor.
 
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Publishing Date
2020-04-23
 
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