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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2018.tde-02042018-110056
Document
Author
Full name
Bianca Gasparotto
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2017
Supervisor
Committee
Cardoso, Vinicius Kannen (President)
Barbisan, Luis Fernando
Chahud, Fernando
Rego, Eduardo Magalhães
Title in Portuguese
Efeitos da síntese epitelial de serotonina sobre o desenvolvimento da carcinogênese de cólon
Keywords in Portuguese
Câncer
Carcinogênese
Cólon
Dano DNA
Serotonina
Abstract in Portuguese
A serotonina (5-HT) é um neuro-hormônio com complexos efeitos em humanos e animais. Embora se acredite que a sinalização serotoninérgica promova o desenvolvimento de tumores de cólon, também tem sido observado que a redução dos níveis de 5-HT aumenta o risco de malignidades neste órgão. Assim, é necessário investigar como a síntese de 5-HT modula a carcinogênese de cólon. Esta hipótese será explorada em experimentos mecanísticos envolvendo a exposição ou não de camundongos a um agente carcinogênico (azoximetano). Estes experimentos revelaram que a exposição carcinogênica aumentou a síntese de 5-HT no cólon, uma vez que os processos de liberação e degradação de 5-HT foram reduzidos, enquanto que a sua síntese e recaptação aumentaram. Após 24 semanas da 1° exposição carcinogênica, a deleção da síntese de 5-HT promoveu a multiplicidade tumoral no cólon, enquanto que ao longo de 12 semanas ocorreu um aumento de lesões preneoplásicas e proliferação celular. É interessante que 72 hrs após a sexta e última exposição carcinogênica o número de criptas aberrantes foram detectadas reduzidas na ausência de 5-HT, o que ocorreu em conjunto com uma redução da atividade proliferativa, aumento de células apoptóticas, e maior dano de DNA. Finalmente, a 5-HT modulou mecanismos de reparo genômico. Concluímos que a síntese serotoninérgica parece ser um fator de proteção do cólon intestinal, que caso inibida facilitaria o desenvolvimento tumoral neste tecido.
Title in English
Effects of serotonin epithelial synthesis on the development of colon carcinogenesis
Keywords in English
Cancer
Carcinogenesis
Colon
DNA damage
Serotonin
Abstract in English
Serotonin (5-HT) is a neurohormone with complex effects in humans and animals. Although serotonergic signaling has been suggested to promote the development of colon tumors, the reduction in 5-HT levels was reported to increase the risk of colon cancer. Here, we sought to investigate how 5-HT synthesis modulates colon carcinogenesis. This hypothesis was explored in mechanistic experiments that carcinogenically exposed or not mice to azoxymethane. It revealed that carcinogenic exposure increased the synthesis of 5-HT in the colon since 5-HT release and decay were inhibited, while its synthesis and reuptake are promoted. After 24 weeks from the first carcinogenic exposure, the deletion of 5-HT synthesis increased tumor multiplicity, while following 12 weeks it promoted the development of preneoplastic lesions, and cell proliferation in the colon. Interestingly, 72 hrs after the sixth and last carcinogenic exposures the number of aberrant crypts were detected reduced in the absence of 5-HT, which occurred together with a reduced proliferation, but increased apoptosis and DNA damage. Finally, 5-HT modulated genomic repair mechanisms. We conclude that serotonergic synthesis seems to be a protective factor of the intestinal colon, which inhibited case facilitates tumor development in this tissue.
 
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BiancaGasparotto.pdf (2.11 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2018-07-17
 
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