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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2006.tde-11102006-113546
Document
Author
Full name
Ricardo Barbelli Feitosa
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2006
Supervisor
Committee
Salgado, Maria Cristina de Oliveira (President)
Bonaventura, Daniella
Cavalli, Ricardo de Carvalho
Title in Portuguese
"Papel do endotélio na reatividade vascular de ratas com hipertensão espontânea ao término da gestação"
Keywords in Portuguese
gravidez
Óxido Nítrico
reatividade vascular
SHR
Abstract in Portuguese
A gravidez normal está associada a alterações hemodinâmicas como o aumento gradual do volume sangüíneo e o decréscimo da pressão arterial. Tal fato ocorre devido à diminuição da resistência periférica pelo “shunt" placentário e pela diminuição da resposta vasoconstritora nos diferentes territórios vasculares. Este fenômeno é atribuído a uma modulação mediada pelo endotélio vascular. Em circunstâncias patológicas a diminuição da resistência vascular não ocorre, propiciando o aparecimento das síndromes hipertensivas gestacionais. Avaliamos as alterações da função endotelial ao término da gravidez de ratas espontaneamente hipertensas utilizando anéis de aorta na presença e ausência do endotélio vascular. A pressão arterial média no grupo das grávidas (G, 19o-20o dias de gestação) se mostrou marcantemente menor (1145 mmHg) quando comparadas à de não grávidas na fase estro do ciclo estral (NG, 1643 mmHg). As respostas constritoras a uma concentração fixa de fenilefrina (FE, 10-7 M) a diferentes tensões passivas iniciais (0,25 a 2 g) a que o anel de aorta foi submetido foram dependentes do aumento do estiramento do tecido em G e NG e mostraram comportamento semelhante. A adição de concentrações cumulativas de FE em anéis de aorta de G e NG submetidos à tensão passiva de 2,0 g não demonstrou hiporeatividade associada à gestação, diferentemente do que ocorre nas ratas normotensas. No entanto, em aorta sem endotélio, as respostas de G foram menores que as de NG. Na presença de inibidor de sintase de NO, acetilcolina induziu respostas constritoras significativamente maiores em aorta com endotélio de G que em NG, cuja diferença era abolida pela remoção do endotélio. Os resultados sugerem que em anéis de aorta de ratas espontaneamente hipertensas não há hiporeatividade à FE ao término da gestação, que só aparece após a remoção do endotélio, sugerindo a participação de fatores contráteis derivados do endotélio associado à gravidez em ratas com hipertensão espontânea.
Title in English
The role of endothelium on vascular reactivity of late pregnant spontaneous hypertensive rats.
Keywords in English
nitric oxide
pregnancy
SHR
vascular reactivity
Abstract in English
Normal pregnancy is associated with homodynamic alterations as a gradual increase of blood volume and cardiac output and a decrease of arterial pressure due to a decrease of peripheral resistance. In normotensive rats this phenomenon is associated with decreased pressor responses and hyporeactivity of isolated arteries to vasoconstrictor agents. This change in vascular reactivity has been attributed to an increase in the production of relaxing factors by the endothelium. We examined whether pregnancy influences the vascular reactivity to phenylephrine through endothelium-dependent mechanisms in aortic rings isolated from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). In the present study the role of endothelium in the vascular reactivity to phenylephrine (PE) was investigated in the isolated aorta of non-pregnant (NP, estrous day) and late-pregnant (P, 19-20º day gestation) SHR. Mean arterial pressure was significantly decreased in P (114±5 mmHg) compared of the NP group (164±3 mmHg). The contractile response to PE (10-7 M) augmented with increasing resting tension from 0.25 to 2.0 g in both P and NP group in a similar fashion in aorta with or without endothelium. Concentration-response curves induced by PE were also similar in aortic rings of P compared with those of NP at 2.0 g of resting tension. Endothelium removal potentiated the constrictor responses induced by PE in both P and NP aortas but this potentiation was more intense in the aortic rings of NP group and unmasked a refractoriness to PE-induced vasoconstriction in aorta from P. Although no difference between groups was observed in the vasodilator effect of acetylcholine in pre-constricted aortas, at basal tension and in the presence of a NO synthase inhibitor acetylcholine induced a significantly greater constrictor effect in aorta with endothelium of P compared to NP that was abolished by endothelium removing. The results suggest that aorta with endothelium isolated from late pregnant SHR does not show refractoriness to PE due to the augmented release of endothelium derived constrictor factors.
 
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Publishing Date
2006-10-17
 
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