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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2019.tde-27112018-160035
Document
Author
Full name
Priscilla Rezende de Abreu Ferreira
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2018
Supervisor
Committee
Sawamura, Regina (President)
Sdepanian, Vera Lúcia
Carmona, Fabio
Neves, Carla Taddei de Castro
Title in Portuguese
Microbiota intestinal de pacientes pediátricos portadores de constipação intestinal funcional e intestino neurogênico em Espinha Bífida: Estudo comparativo
Keywords in Portuguese
constipação intestinal funcional
espinha bífida
microbiota intestinal
Abstract in Portuguese
A microbiota gastrointestinal humana normal é um ecossistema complexo constituído por microrganismos anaeróbios que desempenham papel fundamental na manutenção da saúde e de funções fisiológicas do hospedeiro. O presente estudo objetivou caracterizar a microbiota intestinal de pacientes portadores de constipação funcional e de pacientes com espinha bífida e intestino neurogênico e compará-las com pacientes saudáveis. Estudo transversal inclui 25 crianças com constipação funcional, 25 pacientes saudáveis e 14 pacientes com intestino neurogênico e espinha bífida. A metodologia molecular foi utilizada para determinação do perfil da microbiota intestinal. O DNA total das amostras de fezes foi extraído com o kit QIAamp DNA Stool®-QIAGEN e realizado sequenciamento do gene 16S rRNA (MiSeq (Illumina). As sequências obtidas foram processados no QUIIME. A análise dos dados obtidos foi realizada por meio de estatística descritiva. A diversidade e riqueza da microbiota intestinal foi avaliada pelos índices Shannon, Simpson e Chao e a contribuição de outras variáveis (sexo, tempo de amamentação exclusiva, uso de medicação nos pacientes constipados, tipo de parto e presença de sintomas no momento da coleta da amostra de fezes) foi obtida por análises multivariada. Firmicutes foi o filo mais predominante seguido do filo Bacteroidetes nos três grupos de estudo. Bifidobacterium foi mais abundante nos constipados funcionais do que nos saudáveis. O filo Tenericutes foi mais abundante em pacientes que nasceram por parto cesárea se comparados com parto vaginal independente do grupo de estudo. Participantes sintomáticos no momento da coleta, apresentaram maior abundância do gênero Ruminoclostridium em relação aos indivíduos assintomático, independente do grupo de estudo. No grupo dos pacientes saudáveis, os participantes sintomáticos no momento da coleta possuíam nível maior do gênero Phascolarctobacterium. Quanto ao sexo, tempo de amamentação exclusiva e medicações utilizadas para tratamento da doença, não foram encontradas nenhuma diferença na microbiota entre os grupos. Concluímos, portanto, que pacientes com constipação intestinal funcional apresentaram maior abundância de Bifidobacterium, em relação ao grupo controle, tal achado não foi observado no grupo de intestino neurogênico
Title in English
Intestinal microbiota of pediatric patients with functional constipation and patients with neurogenic bowel in spina bifida: A comparative study
Keywords in English
functional constipation
intestinal microbiota
spina bifida
Abstract in English
The human gastrointestinal microbiota is a complex ecosystem consisting of anaerobic microorganisms that play a key role in maintaining the health and physiological functions of the host. The present study aimed to characterize the intestinal microbiota of patients with functional constipation and patients with spina bifida and neurogenic gut and to compare them with healthy patients. A cross-sectional study included 25 children with functional constipation, 25 healthy patients and 14 patients with neurogenic gut and spina bifida. The molecular methodology was used to determine the profile of the intestinal microbiota. Total DNA from the faeces samples was extracted with the QIAamp DNA Stool®-QIAGEN kit and sequenced the 16S rRNA gene (MiSeq (Illumina)). The sequences obtained were processed in QUIIME. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics. The diversity and richness of the intestinal microbiota was evaluated by the Shannon, Simpson and Chao indices and the contribution of other variables (sex, exclusive breastfeeding time, use of medication to treat constipation, type of delivery and presence of symptoms in the sampling time) was obtained by multivariate analysis. Firmicutes was the most predominant phylum followed by the phylum Bacteroidetes in the three study groups. Bifidobacterium was more abundant in patients with functional constipation than in healthy ones. The phylum Tenericutes was more abundant in patients who were born by cesarean section compared to vaginal delivery independent of the study group. Symptomatic participants at the time of collection had greater abundance of the genus Ruminoclostridium in relation to the asymptomatic individuals, independent of the study group. In the group of healthy patients, the symptomatic participants at the time of collection had a higher level of the genus Phascolarctobacterium. Regarding sex, exclusive breastfeeding time and medications used to treat the disease, no difference was found in the microbiota between the groups. We conclude, therefore, that patients with functional intestinal constipation had a greater abundance of Bifidobacterium, in relation to the control group, such finding was not observed in the group of neurogenic intestine.
 
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Publishing Date
2019-02-11
 
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