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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2019.tde-07022019-141710
Document
Author
Full name
Victor Jacometti
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2018
Supervisor
Committee
Silva, Ricardo Henrique Alves da (President)
Barbosa, Hermes de Freitas
Biazevic, Maria Gabriela Haye
Paiva, Luiz Airton Saavedra de
Title in Portuguese
Estimativa da ancestralidade em Antropologia Forense por meio do software "AncesTrees" em medidas cranianas de uma amostra brasileira
Keywords in Portuguese
Antropologia forense
Antropometria
Crânio
Abstract in Portuguese
A Antropologia Forense desempenha um importante papel nas Ciências Forenses e, apesar de não consistir em um método primário de identificação humana, ou seja, só a sua execução não basta para conferir identidade a um indivíduo questionado, é um método auxiliar trivial para reduzir o universo de suspeitos a serem analisados na busca da identidade. O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar a acurácia e aplicabilidade do software AncesTrees, desenvolvido por Navega et al. (2015), em um conjunto de medidas cranianas de uma amostra brasileira. Em uma amostra constituída por 114 crânios identificados, originários de duas coleções osteológicas localizadas no estado de São Paulo, predominantemente composta por indivíduos brancos (59), seguido por negros (35) e pardos (20), foram realizadas 25 diferentes medidas craniométricas que foram alocadas no AncesTrees em dois algoritmos diferentes, sendo que um deles foi utilizado em três configurações distintas, com diferentes grupos ancestrais integrando o modelo. O software teve desempenho superior na estimativa de indivíduos brancos, chegando a 73% de acurácia neste grupo e 66% no grupo de indivíduos negros. Indivíduos classificados como pardos apresentaram inconstância na classificação ancestral, sendo classificados majoritariamente como Europeus. No geral, a combinação mais precisa do AncesTrees foi no algoritmo ancestralForest com apenas os grupos Europeu e Africano integrando o algoritmo, chegando a 70% de acerto. Conclui-se que a aplicabilidade desse software no Brasil é frágil, devido à alta carga de miscigenação da população, sendo necessária a criação de uma base de dados antropométricos mais representativa do povo brasileiro
Title in English
Ancestry estimation in Forensic Anthropology using the software AncesTrees in cranial measurements of a brazilian sample
Keywords in English
Anthropometry
Forensic anthropology
Skull
Abstract in English
Forensic Anthropology develops an important role in Forensic Sciences. Although it is not a primary method of human identification, that is, its execution alone is not enough to establish an identity to a questioned individual, it is a trivial secondary method, to reduce the universe of suspects to be analyzed by the primary ones. The objective of this research was to analyze the accuracy and applicability of the software AncesTrees, developed by Navega et al. (2015), in a set of cranial measurements of a Brazilian sample. In a sample consisted of 114 identified skulls, coming from two osteological collections located in the São Paulo State, predominantly composed of white individuals (59), followed by blacks (35) and admixed (20), 25 different craniometric measurements were performed and allocated to AncesTrees in two different algorithms, one of which was used in three different configurations, with different ancestral groups integrating the model. The software had superior performance in the estimation of white individuals, reaching 73% accuracy in this group and 66% in the black individuals' group. Individuals classified as admixed showed inconstancy in the ancestral classification, being classified mainly as European. Overall, the most accurate combination of AncesTrees was in the ancestralForest algorithm with only the European and African groups integrating the algorithm, reaching 70% accuracy. It is concluded that the applicability of this software in Brazil is fragile, due to the high admixing load of the population, and it is necessary to create a more representative anthropometric database of the Brazilian people
 
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VICTORJACOMETTIco.pdf (3.74 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2019-02-21
 
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