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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.17.2017.tde-17012015-134343
Document
Author
Full name
Suélen Merlo
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2014
Supervisor
Committee
Moreira, Jorge Eduardo (President)
Hallak, Jaime Eduardo Cecilio
Rasia Filho, Alberto Antonio
Lucion, Aldo Bolten
Mello, Luiz Eugênio Araujo de Moraes
Title in Portuguese
Neurogênese e plasticidade sináptica no Hipocampo de ratos submetidos à separação materna e enriquecimento ambiental
Keywords in Portuguese
Enriquecimento ambiental
Neurogênese
Plasticidade sináptica
Separação materna
Abstract in Portuguese
Eventos estressantes durante a infância promovem alterações comportamentais e encefálicas persistentes, aumentando a predisposição para transtornos psiquiátricos. A separação materna tem sido utilizada como modelo de estresse pós-natal. Animais submetidos à separação materna apresentam uma resposta exacerbada do eixo hipotálamo-hipófise-adrenal ao estresse. Ao contrário, estudos sugerem que o ambiente enriquecido, por aumentar a neurogênese no giro denteado do hipocampo, pode ter efeitos benéficos sobre doenças de distúrbio comportamental. No presente projeto questionamos se o enriquecimento ambiental interfere com as alterações plásticas promovidas pela separação materna no hipocampo de ratos jovens. Utilizamos imunofluorescência, microscopia confocal, microscopia eletrônica e qRT- PCR de amostras coletadas por microdissecção a laser. A separação materna reduziu a neurogênese hipocampal, bem como a expressão de mRNA para os genes Nr3c1, codificador de receptores glicocorticóides, e Htr1a, codificador de receptores serotoninérgicos (5TH-1A). O enriquecimento ambiental reduziu a expressão de Htr1a. Além disso, aumentou a proporção de sinapses sobre espinhos dendríticos, sugerindo maior plasticidade sináptica. O enriquecimento ambiental, nos animais previamente submetidos à separação materna, aumentou a sobrevivência celular e a expressão de Nr3c1, mas não a diferenciação neuronal hipocampal. As alterações promovidas pela separação materna parecem ser persistentes, mas podem ser parcialmente revertidas pelo enriquecimento do ambiente.
Title in English
Neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus of rats submitted to maternal separation and environmental enrichment
Keywords in English
Environmental enrichment
Maternal separation
Neurogenesis
Synaptic plasticity
Abstract in English
Stressful events during childhood promote persistent behavioral and brain changes, increasing the predisposition to psychiatric disorders. The maternal separation has been used as postnatal stress model. Animals subjected to maternal separation exhibit an exaggerated response of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis to stress. Instead, studies suggest that environmental enrichment, by increasing neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, has beneficial effects on behavioral disorders. In this project, we discuss whether the environmental enrichment interferes with plastic changes promoted by maternal separation in the hippocampus of young rats. We used immunofluorescence, confocal microscopy, electron microscopy and qRT-PCR of samples collected by a laser microdissection system. The maternal separation reduced hippocampal neurogenesis, as well as the mRNA expression for the genes Nr3c1, that codify glycocorticoid receptors, and Htr1a, that codify serotonin receptors (5HT-1A). Environmental enrichment reduced the expression of Htr1a. Furthermore, increases the proportion of synapses on dendritic spines, suggesting greater synaptic plasticity. The environment enrichment of the animals subjected to maternal separation increased cell survival and the expression of Nr3c1 mRNA, but not the neuronal differentiation in the hippocampus. The changes promoted by maternal separation are persistent, however may be partially reversed by the environmental enrichment.
 
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Merlo.pdf (43.31 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2017-04-06
 
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