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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2012.tde-30072012-221211
Document
Author
Full name
Valdelice Maria Gonçalves
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Franco, Laercio Joel (President)
Ribeiro, Luciana Cisoto
Vivolo, Sandra Roberta Gouvea Ferreira
Title in Portuguese
Fatores de risco cardiovascular em adolescentes estudantes da rede pública municipal de ensino de Brodowski-SP
Keywords in Portuguese
adolescentes
fatores de risco cardiovascular
hipertensão arterial
obesidade.
Abstract in Portuguese
Introdução: As alterações metabólicas associadas ao sistema cardiovascular, em especial a doença arterial coronariana (DAC) secundária à aterosclerose, constituem as principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade no mundo. De forma semelhante ao que ocorre em adultos, os fatores de risco cardiovascular estão presentes em crianças e adolescentes como a obesidade, a obesidade abdominal e a hipertensão arterial. Objetivo: Estudar a presença de algumas variáveis consideradas fatores de risco cardiovascular em adolescentes, matriculados em rede publica de ensino de Brodowski-SP. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 668 escolares de 10 a 16 anos da rede pública municipal de ensino de Brodowski-SP. Dados de antropometria foram coletados (peso, altura e circunferência da cintura).Os adolescentes foram avaliados de acordo com seu estado nutricional segundo os escores IMC para a idade, a composição corporal foi avaliada pela bioimpedância, a pressão arterial foi avaliada por aparelho automático. Os dados foram analisados por meio do Teste Exato de Fisher e Regressão Logística (Odds Ratio Bruto e Ajustada). Resultados: A faixa etária predominante foi de 11 a 13 anos de idade. Os dados sobre sobrepeso e obesidade foram alarmantes e perfazem um total de 32,3% de adolescentes com excesso de peso, sendo 22,6% dos adolescentes com sobrepeso e 9,7% com obesidade. Dos alunos avaliados, 26 (3,9%) foram classificados como hipertensos e 116 (17,4%) como pré-hipertensos; no total foram encontrados 142 (21,3%) escolares com pressão arterial elevada. O excesso de gordura corporal pela bioimpedância foi evidenciado em 26,6% dos escolares e 20,7% dos escolares apresentaram obesidade abdominal. O modelo de regressão logística (Odds Ratio ajustada) mostrou significativa associação entre a faixa etária (alunos entre 14 a 16 anos), presença de obesidade abdominal, presença de excesso de peso, escolaridade materna com a alteração da pressão arterial. Conclusão: As prevalências encontradas de excesso de peso, pressão arterial alterada, excesso de gordura corporal e obesidade abdominal foram relevantes na população estudada, e associação entre pressão arterial elevada e indicadores de adiposidade foram evidenciadas. São necessárias dessa forma intervenções que tenham por objetivo o controle e prevenção dessas condições consideradas fatores de risco cardiovascular.
Title in English
Cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents from public schools in the city of Brodowski-SP.
Keywords in English
adolescents
arterial hypertension
cardiovascular risk factors
obesity
Abstract in English
Introduction: Metabolic abnormalities related to the cardiovascular system, specially coronary artery disease (CAD) secondary to atherosclerosis, are worldwide the main cause of morbidity and mortality. Similarly to what happens among adults, cardiovascular risk factors are also present in children and adolescents, as obesity, abdominal obesity and arterial hypertension. Objective: To investigate the presence of some variables classified as cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents, registered in public schools in the city of Brodowski-SP. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 668 students aged 10 to 16 years from public schools of Brodowski-SP. Anthropometric data (weight, height and waist circumference) were collected. The adolescents were classified according to their nutritional status by the age-BMI scores; body composition was evaluated by bioimpedance and blood pressure by an automated equipment. Data were analyzed by the Fisher Exact Test and logistic regression (crude and adjusted odds ratio). Results: The predominant age-group was 11 to 13 years. Data about overweight and obesity were alarming and comprise 32.3% of the adolescents, being 22.6% with overweight and 9.7% obesity. Hypertension was found in 26 (3.6%) students and 116 (17.4%) were classified as pre-hypertension; in the overall, 142 (21.3%) students had elevated blood pressure. The excess of body fat detected by bioimpedance was found in 20.7% of the students. The logistic regression model (adjusted odds ratio) showed significant association between age-group (students from 14-16 years), abdominal obesity, presence of weight excess, and maternal level of education with blood pressure abnormality. Conclusion: Prevalence rates of weight excess, abnormal blood pressure, excess of body fat and abdominal obesity were relevant in the study population. There is a need for interventions focused in the control and prevention of these conditions considered cardiovascular risk factors.
 
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Dissert.pdf (1.96 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2012-08-31
 
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