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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.17.2015.tde-27052015-085048
Document
Author
Full name
Patricia Barbieri
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2015
Supervisor
Committee
Sartorelli, Daniela Saes (President)
Freitas, Maria Cristina Foss de
Navarro, Anderson Marliere
Pereira, Rosângela Alves
Vivolo, Sandra Roberta Gouvea Ferreira
Title in Portuguese
Ácidos graxos, índices de qualidade da gordura da dieta e o diabetes gestacional
Keywords in Portuguese
Ácidos Graxos
Diabetes gestacional
Gestação.
Índices de qualidade da dieta
Abstract in Portuguese
Os ácidos graxos e índices de qualidade da gordura da dieta tem papel importante na homeostase glicêmica, mas estudos sobre o consumo alimentar desses nutrientes e sua associação com o diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) são escassos. O objetivo do presente estudo consistiu na investigação da relação entre o diabetes gestacional e a ingestão usual de ácidos graxos específicos e de índices de qualidade da gordura da dieta de mulheres no segundo trimestre gestacional. Estudo transversal conduzido entre 799 gestantes adultas de Ribeirão Preto-SP-Brasil. Para a estimativa da dieta usual o Multiple Source Method foi utilizado, empregando-se dois IR24h obtidos a partir da 24a semana gestacional. As gestantes foram entrevistadas enquanto realizavam teste oral de tolerância à glicose e os critérios da International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups foram empregados para o diagnóstico do DMG. A associação entre os tercis de ácidos graxos da dieta durante a gestação e o DMG foi avaliada por análises de regressão logística, ajustadas por idade, escolaridade, paridade, semana gestacional, IMC pré-gestacional e atual, DMG prévia, histórico familiar de diabetes, tabagismo, prática de atividade física, fibra dietética, energia e ácidos graxos. A média (DP) de idade das gestantes avaliadas foi de 28 (5) anos e 18,9% apresentaram DMG. Verificou-se associação inversa entre o maior tercil de ingestão de ácidos graxos ômega 3 totais [0,21(0,08-0,56)] e ácido graxo linolênico [0,28(0,11-0,71)] e o DMG, após ajuste múltiplo. Observou-se associação direta entre o terceiro tercil do índice de trombogenicidade da dieta [2,55(1,30-5,02)] e associação inversa entre o maior tercil da razão HH [0,43(0,23-0,80)] e o DMG, quando comparados ao menor tercil, após ajuste múltiplo. A qualidade da gordura da dieta durante a gestação é fortemente associada com o diabetes mellitus gestacional.
Title in English
Fatty acids, indices of dietary fat quality and gestational diabetes.
Keywords in English
Fatty acids
gestational diabetes
indices of dietary fat quality
pregnancy.
Abstract in English
Fatty acids and indices of dietary fat quality plays an important role in glucose homeostasis, but studies on the dietary intake of these nutrients and its association with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are scarce. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between GDM and the usual intake of specific fatty acids and indices of dietary fat quality in women in the second trimester of pregnancy. This was a cross-sectional study conducted with 799 adult pregnant women in Ribeirão Preto (Sao Paulo), Brazil. We used the Multiple Source Method to estimate participants usual diet, employing two IR24hs obtained from the 24th week of gestation. The women were interviewed when they came in for their oral glucose tolerance test and GDM was diagnosed using the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria. We used logistic regression analysis to assess the correlation between GDM and dietary fatty acid tertiles during pregnancy, adjusted for age, education, parity, gestational week, pre-pregnancy and current BMI, prior GDM, family history of diabetes, smoking, physical activity, dietary fiber, energy and fatty acids. The mean (SD) age of the pregnant women was 28 (5) years and 18.9% had GDM. There was an inverse correlation between the highest tertile of total omega 3 intake [0.21 (0.08-0.56)] and linolenic fatty acid intake [0.28 (0.11-0.71)] and GDM, after multiple adjustments. We observed a positive correlation between GDM and the highest tertile of the dietary index of thrombogenicity [2.55 (1.30-5.02)] and a negative correlation between GDM and the highest tertile of the hypocholesterolaemic/hypercholesterolaemic fatty acids ratio [0.43 (0.23-0.80)], after multiple adjustments. The quality of dietary fat during pregnancy is strongly associated with gestational diabetes mellitus.
 
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Publishing Date
2015-09-24
 
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