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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2004.tde-06092006-101300
Document
Author
Full name
Mariana de Senzi Zancul
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2004
Supervisor
Committee
Fabbro, Amaury Lelis Dal (President)
Bettiol, Heloisa
Ribeiro, Rosane Pilot Pessa
Title in Portuguese
Consumo alimentar de alunos nas escolas de ensino fundamental em Ribeirão Preto (SP)
Keywords in Portuguese
adolescência
Consumo alimentar
nutrição
saúde na comunidade
Abstract in Portuguese
A questão nutricional ocupa hoje um lugar de destaque no contexto mundial. Deficiências alimentares trazem muitos prejuízos provocando desequilíbrios nutricionais. Os adolescentes são considerados um grupo exposto ao risco nutricional, devido aos seus hábitos alimentares. Estudos apontam que atividades envolvendo alimentação dentro das escolas são muito importantes, pois podem possibilitar aos adolescentes o desenvolvimento de uma relação mais responsável com a própria saúde. Este trabalho tem como objetivos identificar e analisar comparativamente o consumo alimentar de alunos de 5a à 8a séries nas escolas de ensino fundamental das redes municipal, estadual e particular no município de Ribeirão Preto (SP), verificando o que é oferecido como opções pela merenda e pela cantina escolar e discutindo o espaço da escola como alternativa para a educação alimentar de estudantes. Os estudantes responderam a um questionário sobre seu consumo alimentar na escola, foram pesados e medidos. O programa de software Epi Info 2002 foi usado para a organização dos dados. Os questionários foram respondidos por 401 alunos, de 5a à 8a séries, de ambos os sexos. Alunos de diferentes escolas apresentaram um padrão de consumo alimentar muito semelhante. De maneira geral, os estudantes não trazem lanche de casa para a escola. Nas escolas municipais e estaduais a maior parte dos alunos come a merenda oferecida pela escola apenas ocasionalmente. Em média, 70% dos respondentes freqüentam as cantinas pelo menos uma vez por semana, e os alimentos mais consumidos nas cantinas das escolas municipais, estaduais e particulares são balas, refrigerantes, salgados e sucos. A disciplina Ciências foi a mais apontada pelos alunos como aquela na qual os conteúdos sobre alimentação são trabalhados. A classificação do estado nutricional dos estudantes, feita pelos percentis de acordo com o IMC para idade e sexo permitiu verificar que 12,6% dos escolares apresentam sobrepeso e 8,5% apresentam obesidade. Diante do que foi observado no estudo, considera-se que, dentro do contexto de vida dos adolescentes, no qual estão presentes diferentes variáveis como sedentarismo, grande apelo ao consumo, forte influência da mídia, a escola pode exercer um papel fundamental na promoção da educação nutricional, que deve ser abordada pelas diferentes disciplinas e trabalhada em atividades diversificadas, com objetivo de desenvolver atitudes e hábitos saudáveis. A cantina escolar pode constituir-se, também, num espaço de educação nutricional, possibilitando associar teoria e prática.
Title in English
Alimentary consumption of students in the schools of basic education in Ribeirão Preto (SP)
Keywords in English
adolescence
Alimentary consumption
health in community
nutrition
Abstract in English
Currently, questions about nutrition have a prominent place in the worldwide context. Nutritional deficiencies are in the origin of many damages that provoke imbalances. Adolescents are a group exposed to nutritional risks due to their alimentary habits. Studies have pointed out that the activities involving alimentation at the schools, are very important because they can make possible for teenagers the development of a more responsible relation with their own health. The aim of this work is to identify and to analyze comparatively the alimentary consumption of students from 5th to 8th grades of municipal, state, and private fundamental schools in Ribeirão Preto city, São Paulo. Besides, the study has the purpose of verifying what kind of foods is offered as options by the school meals and the school canteen and discussing the school space as an alternative for the student alimentary education. 401 students, male and female, from 5th to 8th grades, answered questions concerning to their alimentary consumption and were evaluated according to their weigh and their height. For the data organization it was used the Epi Info 2002 software program. Students from different schools showed a very similar pattern of alimentary consumption. In general, the students don’t bring their school lunch from home to school. In the municipal and state schools the students eat school meals only occasionally. On the average, 70% of the students go the school canteen at least once a week and the more consumed foods are candies, juices, sugary sodas and salt snacks. Science was the discipline more pointed by the students as the one in which the contents about alimentation are more worked. The classification of the student nutritional state, done by the percentiles according to IMC for age and sex, allowed to verify that 12.6% of the students showed overheight and 8.5% showed obesity. According to what has been observed in the studies, we consider that, in the context of adolescents life, in which different variables are present, like sedentariness, the great influence of the media, the great appeal of consumes, the school can play a basic role in promoting nutritional education. This subject must be approached by the diverse disciplines and worked through diversified activities in order to develop healthy habits and attitudes. The school canteen may also constitute itself a space for nutritional education, making possible to put theory and practice together.
 
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Publishing Date
2006-09-14
 
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