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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2017.tde-04012017-114937
Document
Author
Full name
Denyse Cavalcante Lago
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2016
Supervisor
Committee
Hartfelder, Klaus Hartmann (President)
Barchuk, Angel Roberto
Pereira, Tiago Campos
Title in Portuguese
Genes diferencialmente expressos durante o desenvolvimento do ovário de abelhas Apis mellifera
Keywords in Portuguese
Apis mellifera
Desenvolvimento
Expressão gênica
Ovário larval
RTqPCR
Abstract in Portuguese
A alimentação diferencial durante o desenvolvimento das abelhas Apis mellifera desencadeia respostas endógenas em vias de sinalização e sistema endócrino, que promovem o desenvolvimento de fenótipos alternativos nas castas femininas. Rainhas e operárias diferem em sua fisiologia, morfologia, longevidade, função na colônia, comportamento, e principalmente, na ativação do sistema reprodutivo. Em relação aos ovários, resultados prévios baseados em ensaios de microarranjos revelaram um conjunto de genes como diferencialmente expressos (DEGs) em larvas de rainhas e operárias. Esse trabalho teve como objetivo analisar os padrões de expressão desses DEGs em mais detalhe em ovários larvais de rainhas e operárias. Com esse objetivo, foram selecionados 18 DEGs para validação por RTqPCR. Estas análises foram realizadas em ovários dissecados de rainhas e operárias em quatro estágios larvais que representam fases críticas no desenvolvimento ovariano (L4, L5F1, L5F2 e L5F3). Dentre os 18 DEGs candidatos, 11 foram confirmados como de fato diferencialmente expressos. Entre esses, quatro genes que codificam enzimas: short chain dehydrogenase reductase (GB54419), 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (GB18737), SCPEP1-like gene (GB11273) e glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GB50902), exibiram um pico de expressão em L5F1 em ovários de operárias. Dentre os dois genes relacionados à estocagem ou transporte de proteínas, o gene apolipoprotein III (GB20117) encontrou-se mais expresso em operárias enquanto que hexamerin 70b (GB10869) se mostrou superexpresso em ovários de rainhas. Os genes relacionados à tradução de mRNA e vias de sinalização: elongation factor 1? (GB52028), heat shock protein 60 (GB18969), heat shock protein 90 (GB40976) e mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (GB41845) estavam significativamente superexpressos em ovários de rainhas. O gene OCLP-1 (GB19297), que possui uma função hipotética como inibidor de cistina foi encontrado como superexpresso em ovários de operárias. A fim de avaliar a modulação desses genes por hormônio juvenil, foi realizado o tratamento in vivo de larvas de operárias com aplicação tópica do hormônio. Após seis horas de tratamento, os ovários foram dissecados e as amostras analisadas por RT-qPCR. Dos onze DEGs testados para resposta a HJ, seis se mostraram significativamente modulados pelo hormônio Dois genes, short chain dehydrogenase reductase e heat shock protein 90, que também respondem a ecdisona, são up-regulados por HJ, enquanto os genes OCLP-1, hexamerin 70b, 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase e apolipoprotein III eram downregulados. A expressão diferencial desses genes que codificam enzimas, proteínas de transporte/estocagem e fatores de vias de sinalização, indica que estes genes são importantes no desenvolvimento casta-especifíco dos ovários, uma vez que sua expressão está fortemente modulada durante os estágios em que ocorre a morte celular programada em ovários de operárias.
Title in English
Genes differently expressed during ovary development in the bee, Apis mellifera
Keywords in English
Apis mellifera
Development
Gene expression
Larval ovary
RT-qPCR
Abstract in English
Differential feeding during larval development of the honey bee (Apis mellifera) triggers endogenous responses in signaling pathways and the endocrine system which promote the development of alternative phenotypes in the female castes. Queens and workers differ in physiology, morphology, longevity, function in the colony, behavior, and, especially so, the activation of the reproductive system. Concerning the ovaries, previous results based on microarray assays revealed a set of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in queen and worker larvae.This project now aimed to further analyze the expression patterns of DEGs in the ovaries of larval workers and queens. From the microarray assays we selected a set of 18 DEGs for validation by qPCR. These analyses were performed on ovaries dissected from queens and workers of four larval stages representing critical phases of ovary development (L4, L5F1, L5F2, L5F3). Among the 18 DEG candidates, 11 were confirmed as differentially expressed. Four genes that code for enzymes: a short chain dehydrogenase reductase (GB54419), a 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (GB18737), an SCPEP1-like gene (GB11273) and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GB50902) exhibited an expression peak at L5F1 in worker ovaries. Among the two genes encoding storage or transport proteins, apolipoprotein III (GB20117) was more expressed in workers and hexamerin 70b (GB10869) was overexpressed in queen ovaries. Among the genes related to mRNA translation and signaling pathways: elongation fator 1? (GB52028), heat shock protein 60 (GB18969), heat shock protein 90 (GB40976) and a mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (GB41845) were found significantly overexpressed in queen ovaries. The gene OCLP-1 (GB19297), which has a hypothetical function as an inhibitor cystine knot peptide, was found higher expressed in worker ovaries. So as to evaluate the modulation of these genes by juvenile hormone, an in vivo treatment of workers larvae was performed with cuticular application of the hormone. After six hours of treatment, the ovaries were dissected and the samples analyzed by RTqPCR. Of the eleven DEGs tested for response to JH, six were significantly modulated by the hormone. Two genes, short chain dehydrogenase reductase and heat shock protein 90, which also respond to ecdysone, were up-regulated by JH, while OCLP-1 hexamerin 70b, 15- hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase and apolipoprotein III were down-regulated.The differential expression of these genes encoding enzymes, storage/transport and signaling pathway proteins indicates that they are important in caste-specific ovary development, as their expression is strongly modulated during stages when programmed cell death takes place.
 
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Publishing Date
2017-04-03
 
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