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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2012.tde-21082013-084142
Document
Author
Full name
Jânyerson Dannys Pereira da Silva
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Passaglia, Rita de Cassia Aleixo Tostes (President)
Bendhack, Lusiane Maria
Souccar, Caden
Title in Portuguese
Caracterização dos efeitos do GSK1016790A e do 4PDD em artérias isoladas
Keywords in Portuguese
4PDD
Artérias isoladas
Cálcio
GSK1016790A
HC-067047
Relaxamentos dependentes de endotélio
TRPV4
Abstract in Portuguese
A produção e liberação de substâncias vasodilatadoras pelas células endoteliais requer uma elevação sustentada na concentração intracelular de cálcio; essa elevação é consequente a um influxo de cálcio. Porém, a identidade do (s) canal (is) envolvido (s) nesse influxo ainda não foi (ram) determinada (s) conclusivamente. Existem evidências de que o gene TRPV4 (que codifica uma proteína permeável a cátions, inclusive ao cálcio) é expresso em células endoteliais. Porém, a falta de agentes que modulem especificamente a função dessa proteína não permitiu que o papel do TRPV4 no controle da função endotelial pudesse ser elucidado. Recentemente foram descritos dois novos compostos, o GSK1016790A (GSK) e o HC-067047 (HC), com ação ativadora e bloqueadora seletiva desse canal, respectivamente. Consequentemente, nesta dissertação descrevemos e interpretamos os resultados obtidos em experimentos concebidos para caracterizar o efeito do GSK1016790A (e com fins comparativos o efeito do 4PDD) em artérias isoladas de várias espécies. Para isso, empregamos anéis de artérias suspensos em cubas para órgão isolado para registro da tensão desenvolvida por esses anéis durante a contração isométrica provocada pela adição de fenilefrina; todos os experimentos foram realizados com solução de Krebs contendo diclofenaco (10 M). Inicialmente verificamos mediante imunohistoquímica a presença de imunorreatividade para o TRPV4 no endotélio da aorta torácica de rato. A adição de concentrações isoladas ou cumulativas de GSK produziu relaxamentos dependentes da concentração na aorta torácica de rato (CE50=0,5 nM; IC95%=0,35-0,72 nM; n=7); o 4PDD (1-10 µM), em concentrações isoladas, também produziu relaxamentos na aorta torácica de rato. Resultados semelhantes foram observados para o GSK na aorta torácica de coelho (CE50= 4,3 nM; IC95%=3,58-5,14 nM; n=5), de camundongo (CE50=1,4 nM; IC95%=0,85-2,24 nM; n=3) e de cobaia (CE50=0,2 nM; IC95%=0,12-0,22 nM; n=4). GSK relaxou também a aorta abdominal (CE50=6,5 nM; IC95%=3,71-11,3 nM; n=3) e a artéria femoral de coelho (CE50=17 nM; IC95%=16,8-18,7 nM; n=4); Os relaxamentos produzidos por ambas as drogas apareceram 1-2 min após a adição e atingiram o máximo em 5-8 min, foram reversíveis e não apresentaram taquifilaxia. Em todas as artérias os relaxamentos foram estritamente dependentes de endotélio e da presença de cálcio no meio extracelular. Na aorta torácica de rato, a pré-incubação com HC (5 minutos) aboliu o efeito do GSK sem afetar os relaxamentos produzidos pela acetilcolina. Em todas as artérias testadas os efeitos do GSK e do 4PDD foram revertidos completamente pelo HC (1-3 µM) ou pelo vermelho de rutênio (aorta torácica de rato e artérias de coelho, 1µM, VR). Esses resultados demonstram que os canais TRPV4 estão presentes na célula endotelial e que a sua ativação leva à produção de fatores relaxantes. Como corolário, esses resultados constituem indícios de que os canais TRPV4 podem participar da regulação da função das células endoteliais em situações fisiológicas e/ ou fisiopatológicas.
Title in English
Characterization of the effects of GSK1016790A and 4PDD in isolated arteries.
Keywords in English
4PDD
Calcium
Endothelium-dependent relaxations
GSK1016790A
HC-067047
Isolated arteries
TRPV4
Abstract in English
Production and release of vasodilator substances by endothelial cells require a sustained elevation of intracellular calcium which depends on calcium influx. The identity of the channels involved in this influx remains to be established. There is evidence that the TRPV4 gene (which encodes for a cation permeable channel including calcium) is expressed in endothelial cells; the lack of pharmacologic agents that selectively modulate the activity of TRPV4 channels has hindered the elucidation of its function in endothelial cells. Recently two new compounds, GSK1016790A (GSK) and HC-067047 (HC), which selectively activate or block TRPV4 channels, respectively, were described. This dissertation consists in the description and interpretation of results from experiments conceived to characterize the effect of GSK (and of 4PDD for comparison) in isolated arterial rings from several animal species. To this aim we used arterial rings mounted in isolated organ chambers; we recorded continuously the tension developed by them during isometric contractions elicited by phenylephrine (Phe); all the experiments were conducted using Krebs solution containing diclofenac (10 µM). Initially, we confirmed by immunohistochemistry the presence of anti-TRPV4 immunoreactivity in the endothelium of rat thoracic aorta. In rat thoracic aortic rings pre-constricted with Phe (0.1 µM) the addition of different concentrations of GSK (either single or cumulative concentrations) caused concentration-dependent relaxations (EC50=0.5 nM, 95%CI=0.35-0.72 nM, n=7); 4PDD (in single concentrations) also caused relaxations of rat thoracic aortic rings. Similar results were observed for GSK in thoracic aortic rings from rabbit (EC50=4.3 nM, 95%CI=3.58-5.14 nM, n=5), mouse (EC50=1.4 nM, 95%CI=0.85-2.24 nM, n=3) and guinea-pig (EC50=0.2 nM, 95%CI=0.12-0.22 nM, n=4). GSK also produced relaxations of rings from rabbit abdominal aorta (EC50=6.5 nM, 95%CI=3.71-11.3 nM, n=3) and femoral artery (EC50=17 nM, 95%CI=16.8-18.7 nM, n=4). Relaxations caused by both GSK and 4PDD started 1-2 min after their addition and reached a steady-state in 5-8min; they were reversible after washing-out and did not exhibit tachyphylaxis. In all the studied arteries GSK or 4PDD induced- relaxations were strictly endothelium- and extracellular calcium- dependent. Pre-incubation of rat thoracic aortic rings with HC (1 µM for 5min) abolished the effect of GSK but did not affect relaxations elicited by Ach (1 µM). In all the arterial rings HC (1-3 µM) also completely reverted the relaxations caused by GSK or 4PDD; in rabbit and rat thoracic aortic rings ruthenium red (1 µM) also completely reverted the relaxations caused by GSK or 4PDD. The present findings showing that TRPV4 channels are present in endothelial cells and that their activation results in the production and release of relaxing factors constitute an indication that TRPV4 channels could be involved in the regulation of endothelial cell functions under physiological or patho-physiological conditions.
 
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Publishing Date
2013-12-17
 
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