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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.17.2012.tde-03092013-150852
Document
Author
Full name
Junya de Lacorte Singulani
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Ribeirão Preto, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Coelho, Eduardo Barbosa (President)
Burdmann, Emmanuel de Almeida
Tirapelli, Carlos Renato
Title in Portuguese
O papel da aldosterona no desenvolvimento das lesões tubulointersticiais em ratos hipertensos 2R-1C
Keywords in Portuguese
aldosterona
amilorida.
espironolactona
hipertensão renovascular
rins
Abstract in Portuguese
A aldosterona participa da progressão das doenças renais em modelos experimentais e ensaios clínicos. Considerando que o modelo de hipertensão renovascular 2 rins-1 clipe (2R-1C) é caracterizado pela atividade elevada do sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o papel da aldosterona na lesão renal presente nesse modelo através do bloqueio do receptor mineralocorticóide (RM) com espironolactona. Ratos Wistar foram submetidos ao procedimento cirúrgico para colocação de um clipe de prata na artéria renal esquerda e após 2 semanas do desenvolvimento da hipertensão renovascular 2R-1C, foram divididos em 3 grupos sendo que para o primeiro grupo nenhuma droga foi administrada (n=8), para o segundo grupo foi administrado por via oral 20 mg/Kg/dia de espironolactona (n=10) e para o terceiro, 7 mg/Kg/dia de amilorida (n=12). O peso e a pressão sistólica foram monitorados semanalmente. Coletas de urina (durante 24 h) e sangue foram realizadas em 3 períodos distintos: antes do procedimento cirúrgico; na 2° semana após a cirurgia (antes do início do tratamento) e na 6° semana após a cirurgia (após o término do tratamento). As amostras foram utilizadas para análise de creatinina, osmolalidade, sódio, potássio e albuminúria. Ao final do experimento, os rins foram perfundidos e pesados. Análise histológica para avaliar a extensão das alterações tubulointersticiais foi realizada. Além disso, marcadores de inflamação (ED-1 e p-JNK), de produção de matriz extracelular (fibronectina), de miofibroblastos (-actina de músculo liso) e de transdiferenciação tubular (vimentina) na região tubulointersticial cortical e de lesão nos podócitos (desmina) foram avaliados. O tratamento com espironolactona foi capaz de atenuar o aumento na excreção de albumina, o aumento na concentração plasmática de creatinina e a redução na depuração de creatinina. No rim clipado dos ratos 2R-1C, as lesões tubulointersticias e podocitárias, demonstradas pelos marcadores estudados, foram discretas e a terapia com espironolactona ou amilorida não foi capaz de minimizá-las. Por outro lado, no rim não clipado, a administração de espironolactona atenuou o aumento de matriz extracelular e a lesão nos podócitos. Os efeitos benéficos da espironolactona ocorreram independentes da redução na pressão sanguínea e podem ser em parte, dependentes do bloqueio do canal epitelial de sódio (ENaC). Tais efeitos trazem perspectiva para espironolactona como uma ferramenta terapêutica a ser explorada em pacientes com estenose de artéria renal.
Title in English
The role of aldosterone in the development of tubulointerstitial damage in hypertensive rats 2K-1C
Keywords in English
aldosterone
amiloride
kidney
renovascular hypertension
spironolactone
Abstract in English
Aldosterone is involved in the progression of renal disease in experimental models and clinical trials. Considering that the model of renovascular hypertension 2 kidney-1 clip (2K-1C) is characterized by a high activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, the objective of this study was to assess the role of aldosterone in renal injury in this model by blocking the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) with spironolactone. Male Wistar rats were submitted to surgery to place a silver clip on the left renal artery and after two weeks of the development of 2K-1C renovascular hypertension they were divided into three groups. The first group was administered no drug (n=8), in the second group spironolactone 20 mg/kg/day was given orally (n=10) and the third group received amiloride 7 mg/kg/day (n=12). Body weight and systolic blood pressure were monitored weekly. Samples of urine (collected for 24 h) and blood were performed in 3 distinct periods: before surgery; 2 weeks after surgery (before treatment) and 6 weeks after surgery (after treatment). The samples were used to analyze creatinine, osmolality, sodium, potassium and albuminuria. At the end of the experiment, the kidneys were perfused and weighed. Histological analysis to assess the extent of tubulointerstitial changes was performed. Additionally, markers of inflammation (ED-1 and p-JNK), production of extracellular matrix (fibronectin), myofibroblasts (-smooth muscle actin) and tubular transdifferentiation (vimentin) in the area of tubulointerstitial cortical and injury in podocytes (desmin) were evaluated. Treatment with spironolactone was able to attenuate the increase in albumin excretion, the increase in plasma concentration of creatinine and the reduction in creatinine clearance. In the clipped kidney, tubulointerstitial and podocytes injuries, demonstrated by markers studied, were discrete and therapy with spironolactone or amiloride was not able to minimize them. However, in the non-clipped kidney, administration of spironolactone attenuated the increase of extracellular matrix and podocyte injury. The beneficial effects of spironolactone occurred independent of the reduction blood pressure and can be partly dependent of epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) blockade. These effects bring perspective to espironolactone as a therapeutic tool to be explored in patients with renal artery stenosis.
 
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Publishing Date
2014-09-02
 
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