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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.16.2012.tde-31052012-113850
Document
Author
Full name
Damiao Esdras Araujo Arraes
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Migliaccio, Luciano (President)
Medrano, Ricardo Hernan
Bueno, Beatriz Piccolotto Siqueira
Title in Portuguese
Curral de reses, Curral de almas: urbanização do sertão nordestino entre os séculos XVII e XIX
Keywords in Portuguese
Aldeamentos missioneiros
Caminhos do gado
Capuchinhos
Crato
Curral
Desenho urbano
Fazendas de gado
História da arquitetura
História do urbanismo
Jesuítas
Monte Mor o Novo da América
Oeiras
Oratorianos
Pecuária
Rede urbana
Sertão nordestino
Urbanização
Abstract in Portuguese
Esta dissertação estuda a urbanização do sertão nordestino entre os séculos XVII e XIX, vinculada ao diálogo que chamamos de curral de reses e curral de almas. Curral de reses tece as questões do fenômeno urbano no interior do Nordeste açucareiro, no que dizia respeito ao papel exercido pela pecuária extensiva no povoamento, na posse da terra e no desenvolvimento de aglomerados urbanos criados ao longo dos caminhos elaborados pelo gado. As reses tangidas do litoral devassaram o hinterland nordestino, criando aqui, ali e além caminhos, desmistificando o desconhecido. Posteriormente, essas trilhas foram usadas pelas autoridades coloniais e clericais para erguer aldeamentos missioneiros - currais de almas -, visando o bem material e espiritual da Igreja e da Ordem de Cristo e a conversão dos nativos. Curral de almas busca esclarecer a ação da Igreja Católica, unida ao Estado português, no que cerce a fixação e congregação tanto do índio tapuia como dos sertanejos nômades (que "vadiavam" pelo território), primeiramente em aldeamentos missioneiros, depois em núcleos urbanos estrategicamente locados no território. Focalizamos o trabalho missionário dos jesuítas, capuchinhos e oratorianos na elaboração de reduções religiosas principiadas a partir da segunda metade do século XVII. Selecionamos a cidade pombalina de Oeiras (PI) e as vilas de índios Monte - Mor o Novo da América (CE) e Crato (CE) como estudos de caso, no intuito de analisar a influência da pecuária, dos caminhos do gado, das determinações provenientes de Lisboa e do papel eclesiástico da igreja em seus traçados intraurbanos.
Title in English
Cattle Corral, Soul's Corral: Urbanization of the Brazilian Northeasterner Hinterland between the 17th and 19th Centuries
Keywords in English
Capuchins
Cattle management
Cattle ranches
Congregation of the oratory
Crato
Herding trailscorral
History of architecture
History of urbanism
Jesuits
Missionary settlements
Monte Mor o Novo da América
Northeasterner hinterland
Urban design
Urban network
Urbanization
Abstract in English
This dissertation analyzes the urbanization process in the Brazilian northeastern hinterland between the 17th and the 18th centuries as connected to the so called Curral de Reses (Cattle Corral) and Curral de Almas (Souls' Corral). Curral de Reses (Cattle Corral) investigates the several aspects of urbanization in the sugar-producing Northeast, relating it to the role of extensive cattle ranges in the process of population growth, to the land ownership and to the development of hamlets alongside the herding trails. The herds pushed from the coast, broke through the Brazilian northeasterner hinterland, creating hither, thither and yonder new pathways, therefore demystifying the unknown. Later in time, these trails were used by colonial and clerical authorities to start missionary settlements - "Currais de Almas" (Souls' Corrals)- that aimed at the material and spiritual welfare of the Church and the Order of Christ and the conversion of the native peoples. "Curral de Almas" investigates the activity of the Catholic Church associated to the portuguese government as the "Tapuia " native people and the itinerant cowboys (who "bummed" around the land) settled and congregated at first in missions and later in strategically located urban centers. Another focal point has been the investigation of the missionary work of Jesuit and Capuchin friars as well as "The Congragation of the Oratory" in the construction of religious settlements as early as the second half of the 17th century. The town of "Oeiras" (PI) -created by the Marquis of Pombal- and the Indian villages "Monte-Mor o Novo da América" (CE) and "Crato"(CE) were selected as case studies, attempting to analyze the influence of cattle industry, herding trails, determinations from Lisbon and the church in the planning of the urban center.
 
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Publishing Date
2012-06-19
 
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