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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.14.2007.tde-18092007-110036
Document
Author
Full name
Vinicius Moris Placco
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2007
Supervisor
Committee
Rossi, Silvia Cristina Fernandes (President)
Barbuy, Beatriz Leonor Silveira
Cunha, Katia Maria Leite da
Title in Portuguese
Padrões de abundâncias entre estrelas muito pobres em metais no halo da galáxia
Keywords in Portuguese
- Estrelas pobres em metais - Processos de captura de nêutrons - Análise de conglomerados
Abstract in Portuguese
Um dos maiores desafios da Astrofísica é tentar compreender a complexidade da composição química das estrelas. Elementos com massas atômicas acima de A>60 são formados pelos chamados processos de captura de nêutrons (processo-s e processo-r). A presença destes em espectros de estrelas de baixa massa (longo período de vida) e com pouco conteúdo metálico sugere episódios de enriquecimento por estrelas massivas nos primórdios da Galáxia. Portanto, o estudo das estrelas chamadas "pobres em metais" enriquecidas por elementos formados por captura de nêutrons pode reproduzir as condições físicas dominantes à época de sua formação. O objetivo deste trabalho é explorar os padrões de abundâncias das estrelas muito pobres em metais observadas no survey HERES. Através deste estudo, é possível inferir correlações entre elementos químicos e restringir a operação dos processos de captura de nêutrons na Galáxia. Para tanto, utiliza-se técnicas estatísticas como a análise de conglomerados, que permite o estudo da formação de grupos naturais baseado na relação entre as abundâncias elementais. Este estudo fornece uma análise compreensiva de uma amostra de 382 estrelas pobres em metais, além de introduzir duas novas subclasses para estrelas pobres em metais enriquecidas em elementos formados por captura de nêutrons.
Title in English
Abundance patterns among very metal-poor stars in the halo of the Galaxy: a statistical approach
Keywords in English
- Metal-poor stars - Neutron-capture processes - Agglomerative nesting
Abstract in English
One of the most challenging subjects of Astrophysics is trying to understand the complexity of the chemical composition of stellar objects. Spectroscopic observations are widely used nowadays in order to achieve these goals, as they provide the chemical composition of the atmosphere of the stars. Elements with atomic masses above A>60 are formed by the so called neutron capture processes (r-process and s-process). Its presence on low-mass star spectra (which have long life-time) and low metal content suggests episodes of enrichment by high-mass stars that took place in the early times in the Galaxy formation. Then, the study of those "metal-poor" stars enriched by neutron-capture elements may help reproduce the physical conditions of the environment from where they were formed. The main goal of this project is to explore the abundance patterns of the very metal-poor stars observed by the HERES survey. This study allows the analysis of the correlations between chemical elements and place some constraints on the operation of the neutron capture processes in the early Galaxy. This approach made use of statistical tools, such as agglomerative nesting, which can identify the formation of natural groups based on relations among elemental abundances. In this context, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of a 382 metal-poor stars sample, and introduces two new subclasses for metal-poor stars with determined abundances of neutron-capture elements.
 
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dissertacao.pdf (1.58 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2007-10-26
 
WARNING: The material described below relates to works resulting from this thesis or dissertation. The contents of these works are the author's responsibility.
  • KENNEDY, C.R., et al. Near-IR Observations of Carbon-Enhanced Metal-Poor Stars with SOAR/OSIRIS. In Annual Meeting of the Astronomical American Society, Austin, 2008. BAAS., 2008. Abstract.
  • PLACCO, V., e ROSSI, S. Descoberta e Análise de Objetos com Linhas em Emissão no survey HK. In ´X Simpósio de Iniciação CIentífica, São PAulo, 2005. X Simpósio de Iniciação Científica., 2005. Resumo.
  • ROSSI, S., et al. Refined Estimates of Carbon Abundances for Carbon-Enhanced Metal-Poor Stars. In First Stars III, Santa Fe/New Mexico, 2008. AIP Conference Proceedings of First Stars III Meeting.Melville : American Institute of Physics, 2008. Abstract.
  • ROSSI, S., et al. Refined Estimates of Carbon Abundances for Carbon-Enhanced Stars. In 10th Nuclei in Cosmos, Mackinac Island, Michigan, 2008. Proceedings of Science.Trieste : SISSA, 2008. Abstract. Available from: http://pos.sissa.it//archive/conferences/053/235/NIC%20X_235.pdf.
  • Melhor Trabalho de Iniciação Científica - IAG/USP
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