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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.12.2019.tde-18092019-154045
Document
Author
Full name
Victor Simões Dornelas
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2019
Supervisor
Committee
Chimeli, Ariaster Baumgratz (President)
Costa, Francisco Junqueira Moreira da
Ornelas, Emanuel Augusto Rodrigues
Taylor, Michael Scott
Title in English
China shock: environmental impacts in Brazil
Keywords in English
China
Deforestation
Infant mortality
International trade
Abstract in English
We study whether the "China shock'", defined as China's rapid emergence in global markets, caused environmental impacts in Brazilian municipalities, since previous evidence points to effects on real wages and formal sector employment over the period of 2000 to 2010. Building on recent theoretical developments, we implement a shift-share strategy to explore variation in economic specialization between municipalities and find that China's direct influence on the deforestation of the Amazon and Cerrado was on average insignificant, which is supported by the literature. On the other hand, China's demand for commodities seemed to increase pollution-related mortality of children in mining municipalities, a result obtained by comparing it to mortality caused by other factors. However, we show that this is most likely explained by a municipality's degree of specialization in mining activities rather than its exposure to trade with China. We conclude that the environmental effects of the China shock on Brazilian municipalities were small, if not negligible.
Title in Portuguese
China shock: impactos ambientais no Brasil
Keywords in Portuguese
China
Comércio internacional
Desmatamento
Mortalidade infantil
Abstract in Portuguese
Investigamos se o "choque China'", definido como a rápida ascensão da China nos mercados internacionais, causou impactos ambientais em municípios brasileiros, uma vez que estudos anteriores identificaram efeitos sobre o salário real e emprego formal ao longo do período de 2000 a 2010. Orientados por avanços recentes na teoria, nós usamos uma estratégia shift-share para explorar diferenças na especialização econômica de municípios e encontramos que a influência direta da China sobre o desmatamento da Amazônia e do Cerrado foi na média insignificante, o que vai ao encontro da literatura. Por outro lado, a demanda por commodities da China pareceu elevar a mortalidade infantil causada por doenças relacionadas à poluição em municípios mineradores, um resultado obtido ao se compará-la com mortes por outras causas. Todavia, nós mostramos que a explicação mais provável é o grau de especialização do município em atividades de mineração, e não o quanto ele estava exposto ao comércio com a China. Concluímos que os impactos ambientais do choque China sobre municípios brasileiros foram pequenos, senão negligenciáveis.
 
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OriginalVictor.pdf (5.25 Mbytes)
Publishing Date
2019-09-24
 
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