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Doctoral Thesis
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/T.12.2020.tde-24062020-163013
Document
Author
Full name
Marília Pinheiro Ohlson
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
São Paulo, 2020
Supervisor
Committee
Frezatti, Fabio (President)
Carvalho, Luiz Nelson Guedes de
Costa, Jorge Andrade
Nakamura, Wilson Toshiro
Title in Portuguese
Seguro de depósitos e intermediários financeiros: impactos na disciplina de mercado da indústria bancária brasileira
Keywords in Portuguese
Disciplina de mercado
Intermediação financeira
Seguros de depósitos
Supervisão bancária
Abstract in Portuguese
Disciplina de mercado refere-se à atuação dos depositantes e demais fornecedores de recursos monitorando a tomada de risco dos bancos e, com base neste monitoramento, impor penalidades aos mesmos. Os mecanismos de disciplina de mercado, ou seja, as formas pelas quais os depositantes podem penalizar bancos são três: (i) o custo de captação, ao exigirem maiores taxas de juros de bancos mais arriscados; (ii) a quantidade de depósitos, retirando recursos de bancos de maior risco; e (iii) a maturidade, mantendo seus depósitos em prazos mais curtos quanto maior o risco percebido. Este estudo procura avaliar o fenômeno da disciplina de mercado no Brasil e ainda se o aumento da cobertura do seguro de depósitos ocorrido em 2013 e a atuação de intermediários financeiros no mercado de captação alterou esta disciplina. A base de dados contempla informações contábeis de bancos brasileiros no período de 2010 a 2017. Os parâmetros foram apurados a partir do Método dos Momentos Generalizados Sistêmico (GMM-Sys). Com base nas análises efetuadas, concluiu-se que, no Brasil, há indícios de disciplina de mercado por meio do custo de captação e da maturidade, sendo o porte dos bancos e sua capitalização os principais fatores disciplinadores. O seguro de depósitos reduziu a disciplina de mercado para ambos os mecanismos, enquanto a atuação dos intermediários reduziu as vantagens de porte e de capitalização dos bancos. Os resultados não apontaram a existência da disciplina de mercado pelo mecanismo da quantidade. A atuação das corretoras também reduziu as vantagens de porte e de capitalização para este mecanismo. Entretanto, indicadores significantes na literatura de disciplina de mercado, principalmente relacionados à carteira de crédito dos bancos não se mostraram relevantes no mercado brasileiro, indicando que a disciplina pode ser reforçada. Os resultados apresentaram-se similares na análise excluindo-se os bancos too-big-to-fail, com parâmetros levemente superiores, indicando que a disciplina é mais forte para o segmento de bancos de menor porte. Este trabalho pode auxiliar reguladores e bancos a compreender o mercado de depósitos, a participação dos depositantes, dos seguros e dos intermediários, contribuindo para a definição de cobertura de seguros, incentivos a novos intermediários e dimensionamento de procedimentos de supervisão.
Title in English
Deposit insurance and financial intermediaries: impacts on the brazilian banking industry
Keywords in English
Banking supervision
Deposit insurance
Financial intermediation
Market discipline
Abstract in English
Market discipline refers to the role of depositors and other providers of funds in monitoring banks' risk taking and, based on this monitoring, impose penalties on them. The mechanisms of market discipline, that is, the ways in which depositors can penalize riskier banks, are three: (i) the cost of borrowing, demanding higher interest rates from riskier banks; (ii) the amount of deposits, withdrawing resources from riskier banks; and (iii) maturity, keeping their deposits in shorter terms the greater the perceived risk. This study aims to examine the phenomenon of market discipline in Brazil and also whether the increase in deposit insurance coverage in 2013 and the role of financial intermediaries in the funding market changed this discipline. The database comprises accounting information of Brazilian banks from 2010 to 2017. The parameters were calculated using the Systemic Generalized Method of Moments (GMM-Sys). Based on the analyses performed, it was concluded that in Brazil there is evidence of market discipline through the cost of funding and maturity, with the size of banks and their capitalization as the main disciplining factors. Deposit insurance has reduced market discipline for both mechanisms, while intermediaries have decreased the size and capitalization advantages of banks. The results did not demonstrate the existence of market discipline through the quantity mechanism. Brokerage firms also reduced the size and capitalization advantages of this mechanism. However, significant indicators in the market discipline literature, mainly related to banks' credit portfolios, were not relevant in the Brazilian market, indicating that discipline can be enhanced. The results were similar in the analysis excluding "too-big-to-fail" banks, with slightly higher parameters, indicating that the discipline is stronger for smaller banks. This work can help regulators and banks to understand the deposit market, the participation of depositors, insurance and intermediaries, contributing to the definition of insurance coverage, the incentives for new intermediaries and the design of supervisory procedures.
 
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Publishing Date
2020-07-06
 
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