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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2013.tde-26072013-090734
Document
Author
Full name
Aline Maria Faria Cerchiari
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2013
Supervisor
Committee
Garcia, Jose Nivaldo (President)
Marchiori, Luís Fernando Sanglade
Santos, Francisco José dos
Title in Portuguese
Aprimoramento do poliuretano a base de óleo de mamona na manufatura de Madeira Laminada Colada (MLC) de Cupressus lusitanica, Corymbia maculata e Hevea brasiliensis
Keywords in Portuguese
Adesivo
Cisalhamento
Cupressus
Eucalipto
Madeira Laminada
Poliuretano
Seringueira
Sustentabilidade
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi encontrar novas espécies para o segmento de Madeira Laminada Colada e substituir adesivos tradicionais que emitem compostos voláteis tidos na literatura como não amigáveis ao meio ambiente. Foram caracterizadas as espécies Hevea brasiliensis (Seringueira), C. maculata (Maculata) e C. lusitanica (Cupressus) e sintetizado um poliuretano à base de óleo de mamona, sem solventes e aditivos, que foi utilizado na fabricação de corpos de prova para ensaios de cisalhamento. A resistência ao cisalhamento paralela às fibras foi a variável trabalhada para caracterizar as espécies e validar o poliuretano. O processo de produção desse poliuretano iniciou-se com as sementes de mamona produzidas, seguiu na extração à frio do óleo que foi comparado com um óleo comercial e culminou na síntese do poliuretano. O óleo comercial possibilitou a obtenção do melhor poliuretano devido a sua pureza. Não foram encontradas diferenças na aplicação do poliuretano quando aplicados em uma ou nas duas faces de contato a serem unidas nos corpos de prova das três espécies, vantagem do poliuretano que representa redução de custo na MLC. O poliuretano de mamona produzido em laboratório com óleo comercial superou o adesivo resorcinolformaldeído no que se refere à resistência ao cisalhamento da madeira de Cupressus e foi similar quando comparado à Seringueira. Seringueira e Cupressus mostraram-se aptas para a produção de madeira laminada colada, superando o Maculata em termos de qualidade mecânica.
Title in English
Enhancement of castor oil-based polyurethane for manufacture of glued laminated timber (glulam) of Cupressus lusitanica, Corymbia maculata and Hevea brasiliensis
Keywords in English
Adhesive
Cupressus
Eucalypt
Glulam
Polyurethane
rubber wood
Shear strenght
Abstract in English
The aim of this study was to indentify new species for the segment of glued laminated timber (glulam) and replace traditional adhesives that emit volatile compounds, reported in literature taken as unfriendly to the environment. We characterized species Hevea brasiliensis (Rubberwood), C. maculata (Maculata) and C. lusitanica (Cupressus). We synthesized castor oil-based polyurethane without additives and solvents, used in shear strength tests. The shear strength parallel to grain was the worked variable to characterize and validate the polyurethane species. The manufacturing process of polyurethane started with the production of castor oil seeds, followed by cold extraction of oil, which was compared with commercial oil, and the process culminated with the polyurethane synthesis. The commercial oil provided better polyurethane due to its purity. There were no differences in the polyurethane application in one or two of the contact faces to be joined in the manufacture process for wood test specimens of the three species, one advantage of polyurethane is cost reduction of the glulam. The castor oil-based polyurethane produced in the laboratory outperformed the commercial resorcinol-formaldehyde adhesive in terms of wood shear strength tests for Cupressus and was similar when in Rubberwood. Rubberwood and Cupressus proved suitable for the production of glulam, surpassing Maculata in terms of mechanical quality.
 
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Publishing Date
2013-08-02
 
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