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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2002.tde-01082002-163939
Document
Author
Full name
Gilson Roberto Vasconcelos dos Santos
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2002
Supervisor
Committee
Jankowsky, Ivaldo Pontes (President)
Bortoletto Junior, Geraldo
Severo, Elias Taylor Durgante
Title in Portuguese
Otimização da secagem da madeira de Eucalyptus grandis (Hill ex Maiden).
Keywords in Portuguese
eucalipto
madeira serrada
otimização
secagem da madeira
Abstract in Portuguese
É crescente a utilização do gênero Eucalyptus nas indústrias de manufaturados de madeira, notadamente em produtos de maior valor agregado como móveis e assoalhos. Contudo, essa matéria-prima requer secagem lenta, o que implica um aumento no custo do processo, proporcional ao tempo de permanência da madeira no secador. A combinação da secagem natural com a secagem convencional tem sido indicada como alternativa para reduzir a duração do processo artificial; hipótese que foi avaliada, no presente trabalho, para madeira de Eucalyptus grandis com 40 mm de espessura. Em laboratório foram determinadas a curva característica de secagem para o material e o programa básico para a secagem convencional. Comprovou-se que a secagem convencional é lenta e que a transição da secagem ao ar para a artificial deve ser feita quando o teor de umidade da madeira estiver entre 35% e 40%. Em sequência foi realizada a secagem, em escala industrial, de uma carga com 60 m³ de madeira, combinando a secagem ao ar com posterior secagem convencional. Embora a madeira recém serrada apresentasse alta incidência de defeitos (95% da peças com rachaduras de topo e 93% com encurvamento), avaliando-se a qualidade da madeira ao longo do processo foi possível concluir que a secagem convencional causou aumento na intensidade dos empenamentos mas não afetou a incidência ou intensidade das rachaduras e do colapso. O tempo de permanência no secador foi reduzido em 78% (de 70 para 15 dias), comprovando a viabilidade da combinação dos métodos de secagem.
Title in English
Optimizing the drying proccess of eucalyptus grandis [hill ex maiden] lumber.
Keywords in English
eucalyptus
lumber
optimization
wood drying
Abstract in English
The use of Eucalyptus lumber by the wood manufacturing industry is growing, mainly to added value products as furniture and flooring. However, this row material requires a slow drying, which means an increase of production cost, proportional to residence time of lumber in the kiln. To combine air and kiln drying has been suggested as an alternative to reduce the kiln drying time, hypothesis evaluated in this research to optimize the drying of Eucalyptus grandis lumber 40 mm thick. The drying characteristic curve of the material and a basic kiln schedule were determined using laboratory equipment. It was proved that conventional kiln drying is very slow and the best point to interrupt air drying and to start kiln process is when the lumber moisture content is between 35% and 40%. In sequence it was dried a charge with 60 m³ of lumber, starting with air drying in a lumber yard followed by conventional drying using an industrial kiln. Although the green saw wood showed a high incidence of defects before the drying (95% of boards with end checks and 93% with warping), quality evaluation all along drying process permits to conclude that kiln drying caused an increase in the warping intensity but did not affect the incidence as well the intensity of checking and collapse. A 78% reduction in the residence time of lumber in the kiln was obtained (from 70 to 15 days), proving the advantage to combine air and kiln drying.
 
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Publishing Date
2002-08-07
 
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