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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2004.tde-14122004-111712
Document
Author
Full name
Patricia Benites Ros
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2004
Supervisor
Committee
Gallo, Luiz Antonio (President)
Crocomo, Otto Jesu
Mui, Tsai Siu
Title in Portuguese
Avaliação da resistência de variedades de cana-de-açúcar ao raquitismo-da-soqueira com base na taxa de colonização dos colmos por Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli.
Keywords in Portuguese
bactérias fitopatogênicas
cana-de-açúcar
raquitismo-das-soqueiras
resistência genética vegetal
Abstract in Portuguese
O método sorológico "tissue blot enzyme immunoassay" foi utilizado para determinar a taxa de colonização dos vasos do xilema por Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli (Lxx) em colmos de 28 variedades de cana-de-açúcar, incluindo a CB47-355, CB41-76 e CB49-260 como padrão resistente, intermediário e suscetível, respectivamente. Para cada variedade, 16 gemas foram tratadas termicamente a 50,5ºC por 2 horas e, em seguida, submetidas a banho fungicida a base de benomyl na dose de 6,5 g do princípio ativo por 10 litros de água. Oito gemas foram imersas por 10 minutos em caldo da CB49-260 sabidamente colonizada por Lxx diluído em água destilada na proporção 1:5 ("INOCULADO") e a outra metade em água ("SADIO"). Após a inoculação, foram plantados três vasos (repetições) para o tratamento, sendo as plantas mantidas em casa-de-vegetação até a colheita durante 7 meses, quando então 2 colmos de cada vaso foram amostrados para determinar a taxa de colonização dos vasos. A variedade CB47-355 não apresentou nenhum vaso colonizado, enquanto na CB41-76 e CB49-260 a taxa de colonização foi igual a 17% e 76%, sendo classificadas como resistente, intermediária e suscetível, respectivamente, concordando com literatura prévia. Das variedades em teste, 12 comportaram-se como intermediárias e 13 como suscetíveis. No primeiro caso, a %VC variou de 7 a 25 e, nas suscetíveis, de 25,7 a 76. Portanto, o aumento da taxa de colonização é praticamente linear da mais resistente para a mais suscetível, o que é característico de caráter quantitativo. Considerando que nenhuma variedade comercial mostrou-se resistente e que Lxx causa perdas significativas em todos os países produtores de cana-de-açúcar, sugere-se que os programas de melhoramento devem dirigir programas para a seleção de genitores e progênies para obter variedades resistentes. Enquanto isso não ocorre, atenção dever ser dada para o uso de mudas indexadas.
Title in English
Resistance of brazilian sugarcane cultivars to ratoon stunting disease basead on the rate of stalk colonization by Leifsonia xyli subsp. Xyli.
Keywords in English
genetic resistance
plant pathogenic bacterial
ratoon stunting disease
sugarcane
Abstract in English
The tissue blot immunoassay (TBIA) for detecting Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli (Lxx) colonized vascular bundles (CVB) were used in determining the reaction of 28 brazilian sugarcane cultivars to ratoon stunting disease (RSD), including CB47-355, CB41-76 e CB49-260 as resistant, intermediate and susceptible standards. For each cultivar, 16 buds were hot water treated at 50,5 oC for 2 hours and protected against root rots with benomyl. Eight buds of each cultivar were than inoculated with infected sap of the CB49-260 diluted 1:5 in water, and the remaining 8 buds were inoculated with distilled water for planting the control plots. The reps of each cultivar were planted in plastic plots at green house. At harvesting, seven months after planting, two stalks were sampled from each plot. The rate of colonization of vascular bandles by Lxx in stalks of each cultivar was determined. Statistical analysis by the univariate clustering method (Scott-Knott) was reliable for grouping genotypes according to their levels of Lxx resistance by the percentage of CVB. The cultivar CB47-355 did not present any CVB, while CB41-76 and CB49-260 presented 17% and 76%, being classified as resistant, intermediate and susceptible, in agreement with previous literature. Among the varieties in test, 12 were intermediates and 13 susceptibles. The percent of CVB among the intermediate and susceptible cultivars varied from 7% to 25% and 25,7 to 76%, respectively. The knowledge of resistance of each cultivar is essential for advising the use of complementary phytossanitary measures to control the disease. Since all cultivars are intermediate or susceptible, the sugarcane breeding programs need specific works for selection and releasing of resistant cultivars. Before this, schemes of nurseries and the use clean seed cane are recommended.
 
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Publishing Date
2004-12-22
 
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