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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2011.tde-19092011-103249
Document
Author
Full name
Rafael Maschio
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2011
Supervisor
Committee
Coelho, Rubens Duarte (President)
Andrade Junior, Aderson Soares de
Buckeridge, Marcos Silveira
Title in Portuguese
Produtividade da água em biomassa e energia para 24 variedades de cana-de-açucar
Keywords in Portuguese
Água
Cana-de-açúcar
Deficiência hídrica
Energia de biomassa
Irrigação
Produtividade
Abstract in Portuguese
O objetivo deste estudo foi quantificar a produtividade de biomassa e energia (parte aérea), bem como a produtividade da água (PA) em 24 variedades de cana-de-açúcar, submetidas à irrigação plena e ao déficit hídrico, durante o estádio de crescimento dos colmos. Foram instalados dois experimentos, em casa de vegetação, na área do Departamento de Engenharia de Biossistemas da ESALQ/USP, Piracicaba, SP. O Experimento-1 avaliou dez variedades de canade- açúcar em solo de textura argilosa (RB835054, RB855453, RB855536, RB925211, RB867515, SP89-1115, SP81-3250, CTC14, CTC8 e CTC6) e o Experimento-2, quatorze variedades em solo de textura franco-arenosa (RB925345, RB855156, RB966928, RB72454, RB92579, IACSP95- 5000, Caiana, SP83-2847, SP90-3414, SP79-1011, CTC17, CTC15, CTC9 e CTC2). Para ambos os experimentos foram adotadas duas formas de manejo da irrigação: T100 - irrigação plena com reposição de 100% da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc), mantendo-se o solo com umidade próxima a capacidade de campo, e T70 - irrigação com 70% da lâmina de reposição de T100. A diferenciação das irrigações iniciou-se aos 101 dias após o corte (DAC) da cana-planta, correspondendo ao final do perfilhamento intenso e inicio da fase de crescimento dos colmos (1ª soca). Observou-se variação na produtividade da água em biomassa fresca de colmos (PABFC) na ordem de 16,22 a 29,21 kg m-3 em função das variedades e dos manejos de irrigação aplicados. Destacaram-se as variedades CTC6, CTC14, RB867515, SP81-3250 e RB92579, em T100, e as variedades CTC6, CTC14 e SP90-3414, em T70. Em termos de produtividade da água em biomassa de açúcar total recuperável (PABATR), observou-se variação entre 1,95 e 3,84 kg m-3, destacando-se as variedades CTC6 e RB92579 (T100) e as variedades RB835054 e RB966928 (T70). A produtividade da água em biomassa seca total da parte aérea (PABTPA) variou entre 6,98 e 11,94 kg m-3 com destaque para as variedades RB92579 e SP81-3250 (T100), e SP90-3414 e SP81-3250 (T70). Para a produtividade da água em energia total (PATOT), verificou-se variação entre 101,17 e 174,65 MJ m-3, com melhores desempenhos para as variedades SP81-3250, CTC6, CTC17 e RB92579 (T100), e SP90-3414, SP81-3250 e CTC6 (T70).
Title in English
Water productivity in biomass and energy for 24 sugarcane varieties
Keywords in English
Irrigation
Photoassimilates partitioning.
Water deficit
Water demand
Abstract in English
The purpose of this study was to observe the response on biomass yield and energy (shoot) as well as the water productivity (WP) for 24 sugarcane varieties, subjected to full and deficit irrigation during stalk growth stage. Two experiments were established under greenhouse conditions on Biosystems Engineering Department, ESALQ/USP, Piracicaba, SP. The Experiment - 1 evaluated ten varieties on a clay soil (RB835054, RB855453, RB855536, RB925211, RB867515, SP89-1115, SP81-3250, CTC14, CTC8 e CTC6) and the Experiment - 2, fourteen varieties on a sandy-loam soil (RB925345, RB855156, RB966928, RB72454, RB92579, IACSP95-5000, Caiana, SP83-2847, SP90-3414, SP79-1011, CTC17, CTC15, CTC9 e CTC2). In both experiments were adopted two forms of irrigation management: T100 - full irrigation with 100% crop evapotranspiration replacement, maintaining soil moisture near field capacity, and T70 - irrigation with 70% of water depth applied in T100. The differentiation of irrigations was initiated at 101 days after harvest (DAH) of cane-plant, corresponding to the end of tillering and the beginning of intense stalk growth phase (first ratoon). It was observed variation in water productivity of stalk fresh biomass (WPSFB) from 16.22 to 29.21 kg m-3, according of the varieties and irrigation management applied. The highest values were observed in varieties CTC6, CTC14, RB867515, SP81-3250 and RB92579, full irrigation conditions (T100), and CTC6, CTC14 and SP90-3414, deficit irrigation conditions (T70). The water productivity of total recoverable sugar (WPTRS) ranged from 1.95 to 3.84 kg m-3, highest values were observed in varieties CTC6 and RB92579 (T100), as well as RB835054 e RB966928 (T70). For water productivity of total shoot dry biomass (WPTSDB) ranged from 6.98 to 11.94 kg m-3 with better performance observed in varieties RB92579 and SP81-3250 (T100), as well as SP90-3414 and SP81-3250 (T70). The water productivity of total energy (WPTE) varied from 101.17 to 174.65 MJ m-3 with highest values in varieties SP81-3250, CTC6, CTC17 and RB92579 (T100), as well as SP90-3414, SP81-3250 and CTC6 (T70).
 
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Publishing Date
2011-09-29
 
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