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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2013.tde-17122013-120019
Document
Author
Full name
Bruna Botin Nascimento
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2013
Supervisor
Committee
Regitano, Jussara Borges (President)
Alleoni, Luis Reynaldo Ferracciú
Forim, Moacir Rossi
Title in Portuguese
Efeito da cinza de biomassa florestal na fertilidade e na sorção de imazetapir em solos ácidos
Keywords in Portuguese
Cinzas
Herbicida
pH
Sorção
Abstract in Portuguese
As indústrias de papel e celulose geram enormes quantidades de cinzas de caldeira todos os anos. A disposição final dessas cinzas em aterros costumava ser prática comum, porém a sua utilização em solos florestais e agrícolas merece consideração devido ao seu potencial de corrigir a acidez e de fertilizar os solos, minimizando assim a pressão sobre sua forma de descarte no ambiente. No entanto, o uso desse resíduo pode afetar diretamente a dinâmica de pesticidas no solo, além de adicionar metais pesados. Desta forma, o presente trabalho avaliou o efeito de três cinzas de biomassa florestal (C-1, C-11 e C-27) na fertilidade e na sorção do herbicida imazetapir em três solos com atributos físico-químicos distintos (RQd, LVd e LVAd). Além das três cinzas, calcário e o controle compuseram os tratamentos, os quais foram incubados por três meses. Posteriormente, estudos de sorção do herbicida imazetapir foram realizados nos diferentes tratamentos. As cinzas C-11 e C-27 aumentarem o valor do pH dos solos e os teores de macroelementos, mas reduziram os teores de microelementos catiônicos. A C-1 mostrou ser boa fonte de K para os solos. Nenhuma cinza mostrou-se limitante quanto ao teor de metais pesados. De forma geral, o imazetapir apresentou baixo potencial de sorção nos solos e seus respectivos tratamentos (Kd < 1,8 L kg-1). A C-11 e a C-27 reduziram enquanto que a C-1 aumentou o potencial de sorção do imazetapir nos solos, o que foi devido às alterações nos valores de pH do solo. A sorção foi ligeiramente maior no solo com maiores teores de argila e carbono orgânico (LVd), enquanto a dessorção foi maior no solo de teores intermediários (LVAd). Houve histerese em todos os solos, sugerindo irreversibilidade de parte do herbicida sorvido.
Title in English
Effect of wood ash on soil fertility and on sorption behaviour of imazethapyr in acid soils
Keywords in English
Ash
Herbicide
pH
Sorption
Abstract in English
The pulp and paper industries generate huge amounts of wood ash every year. The ashes disposals in landfills used to be a common practice, but their use in agricultural and forest soils deserves special attention due to their potential to neutralize acidity and to fertilize soils, thus decreasing pressure about their environmental disposal. However, the use of this residue may directly impact the dynamic of pesticides as well as add heavy metals to the soils. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of three wood ashes (C-1 , C-11, and C-27 ) in the fertility and sorption of imazethapyr in three soils (RQd, LVd, LVAd), with contrasting physical-chemical attributes. Besides the ashes, lime and control treatments were added, all of them incubated for three months. Afterwards, batch sorption isotherms for imazethapyr were performed for all treatments. The C-11 and C-27 enhanced soil-pH and macroelement contents, but decreased cationic microelement contents. The C-1 was a good source of K to the soils. There is little risk of contamination by heavy metals. Overall, imazethapyr sorption was low in all soils and their respective treatments (Kd < 1,8 L kg-1). The C-11 and the C-27 decreased whereas C-1 enhanced sorption of imazethapyr to the soils, most likely due to changes in soil-pH. Sorption was slightly higher in the soil with higher clay and organic carbon contents (LVd) whereas desorption was higher in the soil with intermediate values (LVAd). There was hysteresis, suggesting irreversibility during sorption/desorption processes.
 
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Publishing Date
2014-01-03
 
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