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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2013.tde-30012014-110141
Document
Author
Full name
Rodrigo Araujo de Souza
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2014
Supervisor
Committee
Susin, Ivanete (President)
Gentil, Renato Shinkai
Trindade, Marco Antonio
Title in Portuguese
Caroço de algodão moído na alimentação de cordeiros(as) em confinamento
Keywords in Portuguese
Aceitação sensorial
AGCC
Co-produto
Ovinos
pH ruminal
Abstract in Portuguese
O efeito do caroço de algodão moído (CAM) na alimentação de cordeiros(as) foi avaliado em três experimentos. As dietas foram isonitrogenadas (16% PB) e composta por 90% de concentrado e 10% de feno de "coastcross". Experimento 1: Quarenta e cinco cordeiros Dorper x Santa Inês (PC inicial de 21,3±3,7 kg e 79±6 dias) foram distribuídos em delineamento de blocos completos casualizados. Os tratamentos foram definidos de acordo com os teores de CAM na dieta: 0, 7, 14, 21 ou 28% na MS. Na 3ª e 6a semanas do confinamento foi avaliado o comportamento ingestivo dos cordeiros. Amostras do músculo L. dorsi foram usadas para a avaliação da carne e determinação do perfil de ácidos graxos. Houve redução linear no peso final dos animais e no CMS. Na avaliação do comportamento ingestivo houve redução linear na ruminação em Min/g de FDN. Com a redução no peso final, as características da carcaça também reduziram linearmente. Houve alteração no perfil de ácidos graxos com redução linear para palmitoleico, oleico e monoinsaturados, enquanto o ácido linoleico aumentou. Foi observado efeito quadrático para esteárico, vacênico, linolênico e insaturados. A inclusão do CAM afetou negativamente o desempenho e as características da carcaça e demostrou baixa capacidade em estimular a ruminação. Experimento 2: Cinco machos inteiros, Dorper x Santa Inês, canulados no rúmen, foram distribuídos em delineamento experimental quadrado latino 5x5 para avaliar os efeitos da inclusão de CAM na digestibilidade das dietas, metabolismo de nitrogênio e parâmetros ruminais. As dietas experimentais foram as mesmas do Exp. 1. No último dia de colheita de amostras, o conteúdo ruminal foi amostrado. A digestibilidade da matéria seca, matéria orgânica, proteína bruta e carboidratos não fibrosos apresentaram redução linear. Entretanto, a digestibilidade do EE apresentou efeito quadrático e a FDN não foi afetada. Houve efeito quadrático para AGCC totais e propionato, redução linear no acetato e aumento linear do pH ruminal. O nitrogênio amoniacal não foi afetado. Experimento 3: Vinte e uma cordeiras White Dorper x Santa Inês (PC inicial de 23,6±1,2 kg e 87,7±4,5 dias) foram utilizadas em delineamento de blocos completos casualizados. As dietas experimentais foram: CA0 - controle, sem caroço de algodão; CAI21 - com 21% de caroço de algodão inteiro; e CAM21 - com 21% de caroço de algodão moído. Amostras do músculo L. dorsi foram coletadas para as análises físico-químicas e avaliação sensorial. O painel sensorial foi composto por 80 provadores não treinados. A cor da carne apresentou diferença quando comparado o tratamento controle com o grupo que recebeu caroço de algodão (CA21=CAI21+CAM21) (L:29,6vs36,7; a*:9,0vs7,5; b*:11,0vs8,7). Na avaliação sensorial o tratamento controle apresentou melhores notas para textura (6.5vs5.9), suculência (6.8vs6.1), aceitação global (6.2vs5.6), e sabor (6.0vs5.5) quando comparado com o CA21. Não foi observado efeito da moagem do CA em nenhuma das características avaliadas. A adição de caroço de algodão inteiro ou moído na alimentação de cordeiras em confinamento influenciou negativamente a qualidade sensorial da carne mostrando que seu uso deve ser restrito.
Title in English
Ground cottonseed fed to feedlot lambs
Keywords in English
Co-product
Ruminal pH
SCFA
Sensory evaluation
Sheep
Abstract in English
The effects of feeding ground linted cottonseed (GCS) to feedlot lambs were determined in three trials. The diets were isonitrogenous (16% CP) and composed of 90% concentrate and 10% hay "coastcross". Experiment 1: Forty-five ram lambs, Dorper x Santa Inês (initial BW of 21.3±3.7 kg and 79±6 days) were distributed in a randomized complete block design. Experimental treatments were defined according to the level of GCS in the diet: 0, 7, 14, 21 or 28% in the DM. In the 3rd and 6th weeks of the feedlot was evaluated the ingestive behavior of the lambs. L. dorsi muscle samples were used for the evaluation of meat and determination of fatty acid profile. There was a linear decrease in final weight of the animals and in DMI. There was a linear decrease in rumination Min/g of NDF. With the reduction in final weight, carcass characteristics also decreased linearly. There was a change in fatty acid profile with a linear reduction of palmitoleic acid, oleic and monounsaturated fatty acids, while linoleic acid increased. There was a quadratic effect for stearic, vaccenic, linolenic acid and total unsaturated. The inclusion of GCS negatively affected the performance and carcass characteristics and demonstrated low capacity to stimulate rumination. Experiment 2: Five ram lambs, Dorper x Santa Inês (45.2 ± 0.8 kg at the beginning of the trial), cannulated in the rumen, were distributed in a 5x5 Latin square design to determine the effects of adding GCS in the diet digestibility, nitrogen metabolism and rumen constituents. Each experimental period lasted 22 days, 17 days for adaptation and 5 days for sampling. The treatments were the same of Exp. 1. The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein and non-fiber carbohydrates decrease linearly. However, the digestibility of EE had a quadratic effect and NDF was not affected. There was a quadratic effect for total SCFA and propionate, and a linear decrease for acetate. Ruminal pH increased linearly. Ammonia nitrogen was not affected. Experiment 3: The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of feeding high-concentrate diets with whole or ground cottonseed on growth, carcass characteristics, sensory evaluation and meat quality of ewe lambs. Twenty-one White Dorper x Santa Inês ewe lambs (initial BW = 23.6 ± 1.2 kg and 87.7± 4.5 days) were used in a randomized complete block design according to initial BW and age. The experimental diets were: 1) CS0: control, without cottonseed; 2) WCS21: with 21% of whole cottonseed; and 3) GCS21: with 21% of ground cottonseed. Samples of longissimus muscle were used for meat quality analysis and sensory evaluation. Sensory test was performed by 80 untrained panelists. Color was different when the control diet was compared with the cottonseed (CS21=WC21+GC21) groups (L:29.6vs36.7; a*:9.0vs7.5; b*:11.0vs8.7). The control group had greater tenderness (6.5vs5.9), succulence (6.8vs6.1), acceptability (6.2vs5.6), and flavor (6.0vs5.5) values compared with CS21. In conclusion, whole or ground cottonseed fed to feedlot ewe lambs had a detrimental effect on sensory evaluation showing that its use should be restricted.
 
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Publishing Date
2014-02-11
 
WARNING: The material described below relates to works resulting from this thesis or dissertation. The contents of these works are the author's responsibility.
  • SOUZA, R. A., et al. Effects of ground linted cottonseed on growth and carcass characteristics of feedlot lambs fed high-concentrate diets. In 2012 ADSA-AMPA-ASAS-CSAS-WSASAS Joint Annual Meeting, Phoenix, AZ, 2012. Journal of Animal Science., 2012. Abstract.
  • SOUZA, R. A., et al. Influence of dietary cottonseed on carcass and meat quality characteristics of feedlot lambs. In 2013 ADSA-ASAS Joint Annual Meeting, Indianápolis, 2013. 2013 ADSA-ASAS Joint Annual Meeting., 2013. Abstract.
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