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Master's Dissertation
DOI
https://doi.org/10.11606/D.11.2012.tde-11122012-092200
Document
Author
Full name
Adir de Sá Neto
E-mail
Institute/School/College
Knowledge Area
Date of Defense
Published
Piracicaba, 2012
Supervisor
Committee
Nussio, Luiz Gustavo (President)
Bernardes, Thiago Fernandes
Schmidt, Patrick
Title in Portuguese
Caracterização microbiológica, parâmetros fermentativos e estabilidade aeróbia em silagens de forragens tropicais com aditivos microbianos
Keywords in Portuguese
Cana-de-açúcar
Capim elefante
Ensilagem
Fermentação
Lactobacillus
Milho
Abstract in Portuguese
Foram realizados dois experimentos para avaliação de aditivos microbianos na ensilagem de forragens tropicais. No primeiro experimento avaliou-se o efeito de doses crescentes de Lactobacillus buchneri, em diferentes tempos de armazenamento, sobre o valor nutritivo, perfil fermentativo e estabilidade aeróbia de silagens de milho. No segundo experimento avaliou-se o efeito de L. buchneri, de forma exclusiva, ou em combinação com Lactobacillus plantarum, em silagens de milho, cana-de-açúcar e capim elefante cv. Napier. O tratamento das silagens de milho com L. buchneri não afetou a contagem de fungos filamentosos, com decréscimo nas contagens com maiores tempos de armazenamento. Os teores de ácido lático decresceram com o aumento da dose de L. buchneri. Os maiores períodos de armazenamento resultaram em decréscimo na contagem de BAL, e maiores valores de pH. O tempo de armazenamento diminuiu as leveduras na silagem de milho. Maiores tempos de armazenamento propiciaram maiores tempos para atingir a temperatura máxima e a perda da estabilidade aeróbia. As silagens com doses superiores de L. buchneri apresentaram perda de estabilidade em momento posterior às silagens dos tratamentos controle e LB1x105. O maior tempo de armazenamento da silagem de milho resultou em maior valor nutritivo e perfil microbiológico favorável quanto à fermentação e estabilidade em aerobiose. Inoculação com L. buchneri (NCIMB 40788) reduz a sobrevivência de leveduras durante a fase de armazenamento e o crescimento durante a exposição ao oxigênio, melhorando a estabilidade aeróbia da silagem em ambiente tropical. Doses mais elevadas poderiam compensar parcialmente o menor tempo de armazenamento das silagens. No segundo experimento, o tratamento das silagens de milho com L. buchneri (LB), exclusivamente, ou associado com L. plantarum (LB+LP) não afetou as variáveis relacionadas com o valor nutritivo das silagens. As concentrações de ácido acético nas silagens de milho foram superiores no tratamento controle. Nas silagens de cana-de-açúcar, o tratamento LB apresentou maiores teores de MS e DVIVMO. O tratamento controle apresentou maior população de bactérias ácido láticas, e menor valor de pH. A silagem de cana-de-açúcar sem aditivo atingiu o pico de temperatura após o tratamento LB, sendo esse pico superior na silagem aditivada. Foram observadas menores perdas de matéria seca e produção de gases nas silagens aditivadas, resultando assim em maior recuperação de MS no tratamento LB. Foi observado maior tempo para atingir a temperatura máxima e menor acúmulo de temperatura até o quinto dia de exposição aeróbia no tratamento controle. A temperatura máxima atingida durante a exposição aeróbia foi superior no tratamento LB. Nas silagens de capim, as silagens do tratamento LB+LP apresentaram maiores teores de MS, e menor teor de PB. Foi observada maior população de bactérias ácido láticas nas silagens do tratamento LB+LP. A inoculação com L. buchneri, sozinho, ou em associação com L. plantarum não foi eficiente em melhorar a qualidade e estabilidade aeróbia das forragens avaliadas.
Title in English
Microbiologic characterization, fermentative parameters and aerobic stability of tropical forage silages with microbial additives
Keywords in English
Corn
Lactobacillus buchneri
Lactobacillus plantarum
Sugarcane
Tropical grass
Abstract in English
Two trials were conducted for the evaluation of microbial additives on tropical forages ensiling. At the first trial the effect of increasing L. buchneri doses, and different storage periods on the fermentation profile, aerobic stability and nutritive value of corn silage were evaluated. At the second trial the effect of L. buchneri with or without L. plantarum was evaluated on the fermentation profile, aerobic stability and nutritive value of corn, sugarcane and tropical grass silages. Silages inoculation with L. buchneri did not affect the filamentous funghi counts, with decreased counts with higher storage periods. Lactic acid content was influenced only by treatment, with decrease in concentrations as the L. buchneri dose increased. Lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, pH, butyric and acetic acid were influenced by both treatment and storage period. Higher storage periods resulted in decreased LAB counts and higher pH values. Storage time decreased yeast count in corn silage. For the dry matter losses, gas losses and maximum temperature there was no treatment effect, only storage period effect, decreasing along time. It was observed an increase in effluent production with higher storage time. Time to reach maximum temperature, AC5 and AC10 were influenced by both treatment and storage period. Higher storage periods resulted in higher time to reach the maximum temperature and to break the aerobic stability. Silages with the higher L. buchneri doses showed stability breakdown after control and LB1x105 silages. The higher storage period of corn silages resulted in higher nutritive value and microbial profile favorable to the fermentation and stability during aerobic exposure. Inoculation with Lactobacillus buchneri (NCIMB 40788) reduces the survival of yeasts during the storage phase, and its growth during oxygen exposure, improving silage aerobic stability in tropical regions. Higher doses could partly compensate the lower storage time in silages. In the second trial, inoculation of corn silages with L. buchneri (LB), alone or in association with L. plantarum (LB+LP) did not affect the variables related to the silage nutritive value. Acetic acid content of corn silages was higher for the control treatment. In sugarcane silages, LB treatment showed higher DM content and IVTOMD. Control treatment showed higher lactic acid bacteria counts, and lower pH. Sugarcane silage with no additive reached temperature peak after LB treatment, with this peak being higher at the additivated silage. There were observed lower dry matter losses and gas production in LB silages, resulting in higher dry matter recovery. It was observed higher time to reach maximum temperature and lower temperature accumulation until fifth day of aerobic exposure for the control treatment. Maximum temperature reached during aerobic exposure was higher for LB treatment. In tropical grass silages, LB+LP silages showed higher DM and lower CP contents. It was observed higher lactic acid bacteria in LB+LP treatment. Inoculation with L. buchneri, alone or in association with L. plantarum was not efficient in improving quality and aerobic stability of evaluated forages.
 
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Publishing Date
2013-01-02
 
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